Page 140 - Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts

Sources and operations of waste 5

biorefineries

P. Senthil Kumar 1,2 and P.R. Yaashikaa 1
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, India,
2
SSN—Centre for Radiation, Environmental Science and Technology (SSN-CREST),
SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, India

5.1 Introduction

A major key driver to fulfill the material and energy need of the general public
economically is the execution of the bioeconomy that depends on inexhaustible bio-
logical assets for the generation of energy and materials. Diverse inspirations for
arrangement and research to enhance the progress toward the bioeconomy are the
approach objectives of environmental change relief, energy survey, the idea of circu-
lar economy, provincial advancement, and reindustrialization, just as the incitement
of development and innovation improvement. Biorefining is a fundamental compo-
nent in the structure of the rising bioeconomy as the expansive range of biomass
assets offers extraordinary open doors for a wide-running item portfolio to fulfill the
diverse needs of humankind. Biomass, including harvests, green growth, and deposits,
must be reasonably created and utilized as proficiently as would be prudent. Thus
biorefining and biocascading approaches must be connected. Such methodologies
help one to cover future requests for nourishment, feed, synthetics, heat, and transpor-
tation energize, power, and materials. Today, the world is confronting numerous diffi-
culties, including regularly developing human populace and the ensuing security for
sustenance, energy, and water. Likewise, the ozone harming substance, mainly green-
house gas (GHG) outflows, and different contaminations are representing a serious
danger to humanity because of anthropogenic environmental change. Accordingly,
the hole between ecological supportability and financial development is expanding.
Consequently, the requirement for feasible innovations, orders, and strategies to
relieve climatic change and give a steady supply of food and energy has turned out to
be basic for empowering circular economies in the developing nations. The reason-
able transfer of waste is still in early stages in the vast majority of the developing
nations because of the restricted budgets that are allocated, maintenance and infra-
structure solution. The high rates of generating natural waste and its transfer to open
dumpsites or nonclean landfills are bringing about unfriendly ecological, social, and
financial issues (Demirbas, 2009). The waste collection from most of the urban com-
munities in developing nations such as India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan is just around
60%, while the enduring waste relays in the vacant plots, road sides, alongside the
street, railroad lines, depletes, and underlying zones.
Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818996-2.00005-3
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