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pretreated biomass. lignocellulosic Ref. (%) yield 5-HMF condition Reaction Catalyst (h) Time ( C) Temp. (2017) al. et Sarwono 13 3 140 a CrCl 3 (2016) al. et Medina 0.23 b,c 0.13 195.0 (2016) al. et Nguyen 68.0 d 2.0 120.0 CrCl 3 6H 2 O (2016) al. et Nguyen 67.0 d 2.0 120.0 CrC
from step.
production Solvent [BMIM][Cl] [BMIM][Cl] [BMIM][Cl] [BMIM][Cl] [BMIM][Cl] [BMIM][Cl] [BMIM][Cl] washing after
(HMF) explosion hydrolysate mol.%). (in
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Pretreatment Ballmill Steam H 2 SO 4 HCl NaOH [EMIM][HSO 4 ] H 2 SO 4 HCl NaOH pretreatment from calculated process. concentration sugar C6
14.5 feedstocks straw straw straw bunch. fruit treatment. g/L, in pretreatment from on based
Table Biomass Bamboo EFB Rice Rice Rice Wood Wood Wood Wood EFB, Empty a Ultrasonic b Product c Product d Calculated
