Page 459 - Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts

Food industry waste biorefineries 417

Table 18.2 Different types of food waste, conversion process, and their value-added
products.

S. Type of food Conversion process Products
no. waste
1 Industrial food Biological Biofuels (bioethanol)
waste Bioplastics (PHA, PHB)
Physical Pretreatment and
Chemical Biochemicals (acids)
Lipids and fatty acids
Mechanical Minerals and carotenoids
Fermentation Anaerobic Biogas
digestion
Biofertilizer
2 Plant-derived Extraction Lipids
food waste Hemicellulose
Nutraceuticals
Pectin
Starch
Phytochemicals
Phenols
Biodiesel
Activated Carbon
Incineration Hydrogels
Hydrolysis and fermentation Bioethanol/Butanol
Enzymes
Biohydrogen
Bioplastics (PHA, PHB)
Anaerobic digestion Heat
Electricity (power)
Biofertilizer
3 Animal-derived Anaerobic digestion Heat
food waste Electricity (power)
Biofertilizer
Extraction Collagen
Chitosan
Protein hydrolysate
Bioactive peptide
Cosmoceuticals
Insecticides
Therapeutic enzymes
Fertilizer
PHAs, Polyhydroxyalkanoates; PHB, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate.