Page 304 - Renewable Energy Devices and System with Simulations in MATLAB and ANSYS

12 Power Conversion and Control for

Fuel Cell Systems in

Transportation and Stationary

Power Generation

Kaushik Rajashekara and Akshay K. Rathore

CONTENTS
Abstract ..........................................................................................................................................291
12.1 Fuel Cell Types and Operation .............................................................................................292
12.1.1 PEMFC .....................................................................................................................292
12.1.2 SOFC ........................................................................................................................293
12.1.3 MCFC .......................................................................................................................293
12.1.4 PAFC .........................................................................................................................294
12.1.5 AFC ...........................................................................................................................294
12.2 Reformers .............................................................................................................................294
12.3 Fuel Cell Characteristics and Properties ...............................................................................294
12.4 Modeling of Fuel Cells .........................................................................................................297
12.5 Fuel Cells for Transportation ................................................................................................300
12.5.1 Fuel Cell for Propulsion Systems .............................................................................301
12.5.2 Fuel Cell for APU and Plug-in-Fuel Cell Vehicles ...................................................304
12.6 Fuel Cells for Stationary Power Generation .........................................................................305
12.7 Power Electronics for Fuel Cell Applications .......................................................................309
12.8 Present Status and Future Strategies .....................................................................................311
12.9 Summary ...............................................................................................................................312
Appendix 12A: Fuel Cell MPPT MATLAB Example .................................................................313
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12A.1 Description ................................................................................................................313
12A.2 Explanation ...............................................................................................................313
12A.3 Running the Simulink File ......................................................................................315
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References ......................................................................................................................................316

ABSTRACT
Fuel cells are being explored for several applications such as transportation, microgrid, backup
power, grid-connected and stationary power generation, and portable appliances. Fuel cells are
preferred because of their secured and continuous output power, zero or low emission, and high
efficiency. This chapter presents a review of the operation, power conversion, and control strategies
of fuel cell systems in transportation and stationary power generation. The control characteristics
and properties in fuel cells being used in these applications are discussed. Fuel cell modeling and
thermodynamics to determine theoretical efficiency are explained. A few power conversion system
architectures for propulsion and power generation are reviewed. The present status and future
strategies for advancement of fuel cell–based systems are also reviewed.

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