Page 642 - Rock Mechanics For Underground Mining

INDEX

Seismic (cont.) modulus 36, 306, 331 frictional 304, 432, 434
moment 306, 309, 535 pure 31, 32, 290 Slip
moment tensor 310, 311 resistance 5, 47, 122, 126, 127, 130, 231, at abutments 229
profiling 538 262, 263, 277, 304, 335, 409, 417, condition 124, 206, 263
source mechanisms 309, 311 422, 469, 489–93 criterion 159
source location 304 chimney caving analysis 484–9, 490, deviatoric stress 138
waves 304–6, 556 493–5 discontinuities 271
zone 524 and wedge stability 261 domain 226
Seismic activity 198, 353, 398, 538, 556, 563, strength 105–7, 118–9, 121–32, 124–6, dynamic 304
565 224, 225, 303–4, 422, 432, 467, and energy changes 301–2
Seismic events 215, 271, 294, 302–11, 305, 489–92, 504, 536, 559 interbed 225
307, 345, 353, 402, 431–2, 445, 446, components 128 joint 304
534, 535, 543, 557, 565–6, 566 criterion 105, 132, 140, 141, 221, 489, and mine seismicity 272, 294, 304, 309, 310
and mining method 197, 347–9, 351–5, 490 principal stress difference and 19
398, 400, 430, 432, 444, 446, 567 and dilation 125–7, 132, 322, 488, 560 unstable 302, 303, 432
parameters 304–9 discontinuity 54, 120, 121 zones, prediction of 208
Nuttli magnitude 309, 581 envelope 121, 122, 124, 125, 125 Slope stability 494
Richter magnitude 308, 309, roughness effects 125 Slot and mass blast method 424
see also Microseismic; Rockbursts scale effects 45 Slot raises 348, 356
Seismicity 271, 294, 302, 304, 307, 308–10, stress SMART (Stretch Measurement to Access
397, 401, 403, 435, 439, 467, 557, components 18, 23, 28, 38, 42, 45, 143, Reinforcement Tension) cable bolt
555–6 158, 204, 205, 207 564–7
Seismograph 309, 535 -normal stress ratio 207–8, 208 Smooth blasting 528, 531, 532
Seisviewer 68, 69 stress-displacement curves 122, 126–9, mechanics 531
Self-inductance 547, 552 128, 132, 302–3 Snap-through mechanism 231, 238
Sensors 132, 304, 305, 306, 544–7, 550, 551, testing 120, 121 Snowy Mountains, Australia 333
556–7 zones 48, 49, 59, 69, 190, 265, 353, 373, Soft inclusion cell 148
vibrating wire 546–8, 551, 553–5, 556 398, 464, 475, 506 Soil mechanics 1, 3, 4, 16, 410, 413, 425, 427
Separation, on discontinuities 200 Shear waves 283 Solenhofen limestone 96
Sequencing 11, 12, 401–3, 473 frequency 283 Solid stowing 516
see also Mining sequence see also Swaves Solution cavities 485–6, 495–6, 495
Serpentine 129 Shock, zones 523, 524 Sonic probe extensometer 551
Service Shotcrete 317, 320–1, 334, 341–4, 343, 439, Source analytic functions 172, 173
installations 13 465, 478, 552–3, 564, 565, 577 South Africa 49, 50, 78, 299, 301, 304, 322,
openings 6, 9, 13, 165, 197, 203, 347, 348, dry-mix 344 324, 340, 345, 379, 380, 381, 384,
398, 454, 532, 536 fibre-reinforced 342, 344, 465 385, 401, 430, 431, 434–7, 439, 476,
shafts 348 lining 320, 321, 344, 553, 577 484, 486, 496, 506
Servocontrolled sensors 94, 227 measuring stress 577 East Rand Proprietary Mines 49, 50, 433
Setting load density 447 mesh-reinforced 564 Far West Rand 486
Shaft borers 518 mix design 343 gold mines 49, 50, 345, 430, 431, 432,
Shaking 533, 536 strength increase of 344 434–6, 439, 454
Shales 5, 36, 48, 60, 112, 118, 134, 365, 406, wet-mix 342–4 gold reefs 299, 301, 302
527, 558 Shrink stoping see Stoping longwall mining 300, 302, 313, 363, 430,
Sharpe’s solution 287, 521 Sidewall 431, 434, 436, 439
Shear crushing 211 Witwatersrand 146, 496
abutment 231, 235, 241 failure 46, 211, 212 Southern Coalfield, New South Wales,
behaviour, discontinuities 120, 129 prism, eliminating 265 Australia 444, 507, 516
box 120 stress 175, 211, 212 Spacing, discontinuity 51–3, 61–4, 70, 78, 79,
and caving 469 support pressure 320 85
-deformation 4, 130, 131, 191 Silver mines 363, 558 Spalling 200, 214, 215, 225, 228, 229, 373,
dilation 103, 125–7, 132 Sinkholes (chimney caves) 484, 485, 487, 383, 398, 404, 452, 524, 536, 537, 559
displacement 47, 54, 55, 57, 121–3, 125–8, 492, 495 backfill 424
130–3, 130, 191, 226, 261, 302, 336, Sinkholes (solution features) 486, 495–6, 495 pillar 373, 374
405, 432, 536, 559, 560 Site characterisation 14–16, 396 Span/bed thickness ratio 226
failure 48, 105, 107, 125, 129, 229, 235, Size effects 92 Spans
241, 308, 310, 373, 398, 422, 444, Slabbing 524 increase effects 264
451, 469, 476, 489, 502 see also Spalling unsupported 77, 401, 408, 487
on faults 304 Slate 88, 118, 125, 126, 133, 134, 140, 141, Spherical cavity model 285, 287, 289, 290,
force 43, 85, 120, 122, 123, 124, 191, 235, 487 521
256, 258, 262, 331, 336, 447 Slice gradient 457 Spherical component 25
displacement curves 85, 122, 123 Slickensides 48, 55, 59, 60, 79, 80, 558, 561 Spherical wave equation 521
intraformational 49 Sliding 123, 303–4, 329 Split set 339, 465
and joint deformability 260 factor of safety 328–30, 489, 493, 494 Stabilising pillars 401, 417, 435, 436

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