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multiple utilities targeting (Cont.): optimal process synthesis (Cont.):
pinch technology and, 61–69 steps for composition of maximal
utility placement options, 63–69 structure, 169
utility placements, GCCs and, 61–62 synthesis of green biorefineries
multistream heat exchangers, 4 and, 171–173
optimal workflow structures:
N N P-graph, 171
network evolution: plausible activities for, 170
synthesis of heterogeneous
loops, paths and, 93 flowsheets and, 169–171
splitting and advanced tick-off optimality conditions:
with, 92 global search algorithms, 28–29
splitting procedure above pinch, 92 local search algorithms, 28
network optimization, 8 optimality problems, stochastic
Network Pinch method, 16–17, 21 search methods for solving,
network/topology data identification, 32–33
34–35 optimization:
Newton method search algorithm, 30 availability, reliability and, 186–190
NLP. See nonlinear programming combined PI and, 165–190
(NLP) models emissions/effluents minimized
nodes, of MILP, 31–32 and, 183–186
nonisothermal stream mixing, 287 methods with optimal process
nonisothermal utilities, 65–66 synthesis, 167
Nonlinear and Mixed-Integer network, 8
Optimization: Fundamentals and optimal design of industrial
Applications (Floudas), 315 processes and, 315
nonlinear programming (NLP) optimal process synthesis and,
models: 167–176
absence of integer variables and, 27 optimal scheduling for throughput,
convexity case-by-case evaluation, 28 profit, security and, 179–183
equation construction, 35 optimal synthesis of energy
mass balances/problems, 36 systems and, 176–179
penalty methods for solving process synthesis and role of,
constrained, 31 165–166
simplex algorithm for summary, 190
problem-solving, 29 tools for efficient implementation of
numerical targeting, 56–60 PI, 166–167
water minimization via
O O mathematical, 118–122
objective function, 25 optimization, sustainable industry:
object-oriented modeling, 38–39 conferences, 309–310
oil crises (1973–1974, 1979), 14 journals, 310
onion diagram, 48 projects, 311
open-source DWSIM chemical process service providers, 310–311
simulator, 24 optimization packages,
operating costs, 290–292 general-purpose:
optimal process synthesis: Frontline Systems, 209
azeotropic distillation systems and, GAMS, 35, 206–207
173–176 ILOG ODM, 209–210
classification of optimization LINDO, 208–209
methods, 167 MIPSYN, 207–208
heterogeneous flowsheets and, 169– software tools, 206–210
171 optimization technology:
optimization and, 167–176 application, 9
reaction network synthesis and, flowsheeting simulation tools, 7
167–169 HENs retrofit, 16–17