Page 283 - The Handbook for Quality Management a Complete Guide to Operational Excellence

270 C o n t i n u o u s I m p r o v e m e n t D e f i n e S t a g e 271

Category Peaches Lost
Bruised 100
Undersized 87
Rotten 235
Under-ripe 9
Wrong variety 7
Wormy 3

Table 13.1 Raw Data for Pareto Analysis

For example, the data in Table 13.1 have been recorded for peaches
arriving at Super Duper Market during August.
The completed Pareto diagram is shown in Fig. 13.2.

Project Charters
The project goals, objectives, deliverables, and so forth are documented
on a project charter, which serves as a contract between the project team
and its sponsors. Project charters typically have several key elements,
answering the what, who, why, and when of the team’s planned activities.
(It’s important that how be left to the team, as discussed in Chap. 10).
A sample charter is shown in Fig. 13.3.
One or more project sponsors in mid­ to upper­level managerial posi­
tions will sponsor a given project. Sponsors fund the project, allocate
resources, and develop the initial charter (which is then managed by the
assigned project team leader, who is usually either a black belt and/or

450 100
96% 98% 99%
76% 80
300
53% 60
Count 235 Percent

150 40
100
87 20
9 7 3
0 0
Rotten Bruised Undersized Under-ripe Wrong variety Wormy

Figure 13.2 Example Pareto analysis constructed using Green Belt XL software
(www.qualityamerica.com).

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