Page 129 - Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions - M.R. Riazi

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3. CHARACTERIZATION OF PETROLEUM FRACTIONS 109
Superatmospheric
ASTM D2887
Simulated EFV
Distillation (P >760 mmHg)
(SD)
3
6
7
ASTM D86 EFV
760 mmHg 5 760 mmHg
1
TBP
TBP

1, 50, 100 mm 6 760 mmHg 4
4

TBP EFV
10 mmHg 10 mmHg

2

ASTM D-1160
10 mmHg

4

ASTM D-1160 ASTM D-1160
6 Reported

1, 30, 50 mmHg at
--`,```,`,``````,`,````,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
760 mmHg
STEP METHOD A METHOD B

1 Eqs. (3.14)or (3.15) Eqs. (3.20) – (3.22)
2 Eq. (3.34) ...
3 Eqs. (3.18) & (3.19) Eqs. (3.26) – (3.28)
4 Eq. (3.31) Eq. (3.32)
5 Eq. (3.16) ...
6 Eq. (3.29) ...
7 Eqs. (3.23) – (3.25) ...
FIG. 3.20—Summary of methods for the interconversion of various distillation curves.

does not give a finite value for T at x = 1 (end point at 100% following linear form:
distilled). According to this model the final boiling point is
infinite (∞), which is true for heavy residues. Theoretically, (3.36) Y = C 1 + C 2 X
even for light products with a limited boiling range there is a where Y = ln [(T − T ◦ )/ T ◦ ] and X = ln ln [1 / (1 − x)]. Con-
very small amount of heavy compound since all compounds stants C 1 and C 2 are determined from linear regression of Y
in a mixture cannot be completely separated by distillation. versus X with an initial guess for T ◦ . Constants A and B are
For this reason predicted values from Eq. (3.35) are reliable determined from C 1 and C 2 as B = 1/C 2 and A = B exp (C 1 B).
up to x = 0.99, but not at the end point. Parameters A, B, and Parameter T ◦ can be determined by several estimates to maxi-
T ◦ in Eq. (3.35) can be directly determined by using Solver mize the R squared (RS) value for Eq. (3.36) and minimize the
(in Tools) in Excel spreadsheets. Another way to determine AAD for prediction of T form Eq. (3.35). If the initial boiling
the constants in Eq. (3.35) is through its conversion into the point in a distillation curve is available it can be used as the

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