Page 183 - Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design

178 Anthropometry, Apparel Sizing and Design

Table 7.1 Defined measurements
Measurements

1. Body height
2. Chest circumference
3. Underbust circumference
4. Waist circumference
5. Distance—waist to apex point
6. Hip circumference
7. Distance—waist to seat (in seating position)
8. Leg length
9. Shoulder width
10. Across back width
11. Upper arm circumference
12. Back waist length
13. Distance—seventh cervical to fourth lumbar vertebrae
14. Distance—waist to crotch level
15. Knee height
16. Calf circumference
17. Arm length—standard
18. Arm length—arm fold to finger tips
19. Arm length—center-back-neck-point-to-wrist length
20. Upper arm length
21. Thigh circumference

(Kirchd€ orfer, 2009). When examining functional measurements, it is crucial to iden-
tify areas of the body that are subject to major changes. This was presumed with regard
to the upper arm girth not directly at the transition from the shoulder to the arm. For
this reason the marker determining the measurement was set on the most pronounced
form of the upper arm, when viewed laterally.
In addition to the lengths, girths, and distances, new measuring sections were
recorded in the project, such as the distance between seventh cervical and fourth lum-
bar vertebrae, to be able to determine the dimensional differences relevant for clothing
technology. All defined and recorded measurements are listed in Table 7.1.
The registration of individual measurements is not necessary in every position.
Because, in the different positions, depending on girth, proportional shadowing and
overlapping of different body areas can appear on the scan. This can lead to individual
measurements not being able to be exactly determined. Here the reliability of the
respective measurement had to be evaluated individually for each scan. Nevertheless
the aim was to register as many dimensions as possible for as many postures as pos-
sible to ensure the comparability of the individual measurements.
From 93 scans in 10 positions, a total of around 8000 body measurements were
taken. This demonstrates the very high processing effort that is necessary to research
the functional measurements. Even though the sample size of 93 subjects seems to be