Page 124 - APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS, Volume 1, 3rd Edition

110 Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants

W d
If
f.000 zl Index Re = 6.31 Wldr I- 0.3
'800 4 0.008

0.009
Internal pipe diameter, in.
0.04

0.9

f 5.4
.-

18
20
20
24

30
0.01 0.02 a03 0.04 a05 0.0501
f -Friclion factor for clean- 40
steel and wraught iron pipe

Figure 2-33. Reynolds number for compressible flow, steel pipe. By permission, Crane Co., Technical Paper #470, Engineering Div., 1957. Also
see 1976 edition.

ture, and a great potential exists for damage from such the speed of sound. The ratio of the actual fluid velocity
waves [ 151. A discussion of shock waves is beyond the to its speed of sound is called the Mach number [38].
scope of this chapter.
The velocity of sound at 68°F in air is 1126 ft/sec.
velocity considerations are important in rotating or For any gas, the speed of sound is:
reciprocating machinery systems, because, if the com-
pressible fluid velocity exceeds the speed of sound in the
fluid, shock waves can be set up and the results of such v, = yikgp"/p,ft/sec (2-86)
conditions are much different than the velocities below (equation continued on page 113)