Page 103 - Basic Gas Chromatography
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                                                    1994      however,   such   fragile.   capillary   to   pro-   matches   phases   very   flame.   on   high   A   fused   col-   flexible   and   a   tubing   darkens   this
                                                    Copyright     are   easy   and   readily   and   a   in   groups   The   nature.   draw   expensive   corrosion   Therefore,   the   is   It

                         Xenon                                GC;   compounds   of  all   silica   silicon   films   etc.).   on   them   of   which
             pm   19095P-MSO   120°C                column.         95%   flexible   and   fused   The   thin   vapor   silanol   Ca,   chemical   and   drawn   technology.   chromatographic   makes   rapid   moisture.
           HP-PLOT/MoleSieve   mm  x 50  0.53   m  x   No.   HP  Part   mL/min   4  Helium,   435°C  (3  min)  to   min)  at  25°C/min   split  (ratio  50:1)   pL,   PLOT   capillary   of   reactive   unfortunately,   over   today   is  silica   available   of  energy   phases.   uniform   water   and   hydroxyl   or   K,   (Na,   inert   soften   to   are   optics   most   This   subject   to   atmospheres.   the   to  outside   coating,   atmosph





           Column:   30   Carrier:   Oven:   (5   250  Sample:   sieve  molecular   permission.   days  early   highly   for   columns,   and   Fused   material   surface   liquid   very   SiCl,   of   0.1%   impurities   very   its   required   columns  silica   fiber   and   micrometers.   is   laboratory   applied   polyimide

                        Krypton                   Time  (min)   a   with   the   active   Glass   [2]   1979   silica.   tubing   The   silicon   in   reaction   about   of   for   is  1800°C   Fused   advanced   strength   25   however,   is   This   from

              Nitrogen                              on       in   too   acids.   in   fused   of   resulting   ppm   responsible   about   wall,   normal   polyimide   oven.   silica
             .                                      gases   Reproduced   inert      the   contains   tensile   to
                                  Oxygen                     introduced   is   free   of   columns.   tension   well,   1   about   using   thin   drawing   fused
                Argon                               fixed       and   and   introduced   made   most   very   by   SiO},   than   is   of   dimensions.   high   wall,   The   exposure   of   the
     Tubing                     Neon                of   Company.   was   efficient   amines,   was   are   the   also   resolution   surface   tubing   made   is   pure   less   and   silica   temperature   capillary   machinery   a   has   very   thin   handle.   on   sheath   the   from   protects


     Column                                        Separation   Hewlett-Packard   steel   very   not   steroids,   silica   sold   is   It   high   the   with   the   columns.   silica   product,   surface   fused   of   into   sophisticated   silica   a   have   to   easy   even   protective   emerges   age,



     OT                                            6.4.   Fig.   Stainless   it   is   as   Fused   columns   handle.   duces   well   “wet”   efficient   Fused   The   the   purity   working   silica   Fused   umns   and   breakage,   thin   it   as   with








    Inlets   gas   all   0.32,   from   require   limited   lower   SCOT   or   an   with   a   higher   columns.   thick   columns   but   as   for   good   and   PLOT   column   today.   open
    and    of   0.25,   vary   occasionally   do   micrometers.   have   show   the   PLOT   contain   coated   a   stable   available   such   suited   A   nitrogen,   6.4.   GC   stainless   layer

    Columns   resolution   of 0.10,  0.20,   lengths   used   however,   to  5.0   they   but   compounds.   Figure   6.3,   the   and   columns   Celite®)   have   and   WCOT   techniques,   SCOT   for   adsorbent   well   are   compounds.   oxygen,   Figure   of   the   nylon,   and   popular   most   Porous   Adsorbent   Q   porous   and


    Capillary   highest   diameters   Typical   been   have   lengths,   but  analysis,   capacity,   volatile   in   the   left,   SCOT   as   phase,   early   the   need   commercially   solid   a   columns   volatile   argon,   shown   in   share   copper,   the   far   Qa   SIEVE,   PORAPAK   column



          the   available.   column   sample   very   shown   on   right.   (such   liquid   to   cross-linking   the   and   still   of   PLOT   as   important   glass,   by   is   PLOT   MOLECULAR   ALUMINA,   (SCOT)
          provide   Tubing  internal   columns   Long  coating  thickness  varies  from  0.1   fast   and   higher   for   only   are  columns   column,   the   on   support   hold   more   common   of   columns,   columns   are   layer   Porapak®.   other   and   neon,   column   but   including   silica   @   tubular


          columns   commercially   meter   100   available.   resolution   have   films   used   capillary   tubular   column,   small   solid   can   films   thin   introduction   WCOT   SCOT   tubing.   porous   a   or   gases   krypton,   of   PLOT   (<5%)   tubing   however,   fused   oe   Liquid   Phase   Support   IN   open  coated



          capillary   millimeters   are   although   commercially   Film   high   Thicker   are  typically   of   types   open   open  tubular   very   of   columns  SCOT   than   the   the   for   few   A   steel   contain   sieve,   fixed   light   separation   molecular   sieve   small   a   TUBING   column   used;   SCOT   AVAILABLE   SILICA   of  support   column.



          Wall-coated  chromatographic  columns.   0.53   meters,   50   are  long  analysis  times.   provide   films   capacity.   and   other   support-coated   layer   layer   phase.   capacity   with   are  possible   disappeared.   stainless   columns   molecular   of  analysis   the   is   a   on   represent   COLUMN   of  types   been   have   NOT   @   FUSED   Comparison   (PLOT)




   88         and   to   10   and   Thin   sample   resolution   The   or   porous   adsorbed   liquid   sample   However,   films   has   only   in   PLOT   alumina,   the   example   xenon   columns   market.   OT   Many   steel   Fig.  6.3.   tubular
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