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TABLE 8.21.  Properties of Refractories and Insulating Ceramics"
 (a)  Chemical Composition of Typical Refractories


                                                                Resistance to




 !  Alumina (fused)   8-10   85-90   1-1.5   1.5-2.2   -   0.8-1.3=
 2   Chrome   6   23   15b   _I   17   38   -
 3   Chrome (unburned)   5   18   12b   -   32   30   -
 4   Fire clay (high-heat duty)   50-57   36-42   1.5-2.5   1.5-2.5   -   -   1-3.5'
 5   Fire clay (super-duty)   52   43   1   2   -   -   2'
 6   Forsterite   34.6   0.9   7.0   -   1.3   55.4
 7   High-alumina   22-26   68-72   1-1.5   3.5   -   -   1-1.5c   G   F   F         F
 8   Kaolin   52   45.4   0.6   1.7   0.1   0.2   -    F         P         Gd        F
 S   Mag iiesite   3   2   6   3   86                  P         E         E         E
 10   Magnesite (unburned)   5   7.5   8.5   2   64    P         E         E         E
 11   Magnesite (fused)   -   -   -   -   -            F         E         E         E
 12   Refractory porcelain   25-70   25-60   -   -     G         F         F         F
 13   Silica   96   1   1   -   2   -                  E         P         F         P
 14   Silicon carbide (clay bonded)   7-9   2-4   0.3-1   1   -   85-90   E   G   F   E
 15   Sillimanite (mullite)   35   62   0.5   1.5   -   -   -   G   F      F         F
 16   Insulating fire-brick (2600°F)   57.7   36.8   2.4   1.5   0.6   0.5   P   P   G"   P








 Fusion Point                                             wt. of
 Deformation under                 Repeat Shrinkage      Straight
 Refractory   Pyrometric   Load (% at "F   Spalling   after 5 hr   9 in.
 No.   "F   Cone   and Ib/in.)   Resistancef   (% "F)   Brick (Ib)

 1   3390+   39 +   1 at 2730 and 50   G   +0.5 (2910)   9-10.6
 2   3580+   41 +   shears 2740 and 28   P   -0.5-1  .O (3000)   11.0
 3   3580+   41 +   shears 2955 and 28   F   -0.5-1  .O (3000)   11.3
 4   3060-3170   31-33   2.5-10  at 2460 and 25   G   f0-1.5  (2550)   7.5
 5   31 70-3200   33-34   2-4  at 2640 and 25   E   f0-1.5  (2910)   8.5
 6   3430   40   10 at 2950   F           -                 9.0
 7   3290   36   1-4  at 2640 and 25   E   -2-4  (2910)     7.5
 8   3200   34   0.5 at 2640 and 25   E   -0.7-1.0  (2910)   7.7
 9   3580+   41 +   shears 2765 and 28   P   -1-2  (3000)   10.0
 10   3580 +   41 +   shear 2940 and 28   F   -0.5-1.5  (3000)   10.7
 11   3580+   41 +      F                 -                10.5
 12   2640-3000   16+30   G
 13   3060-3090   31-32   shears 2900 and 25   P   +0.5-0.8  (2640)   6.5
 14   3390   39   0-1  at 2730 and 50   E   +2 (2910)     8-9.3
 15   331 0-3340   37-38   0-0.5  at 2640 and 25   E   -0-0.8  (2910)   8.5
 16   2 9 8  0 - 3 0 0 0   29-30   0.3 at 2200 and 10   G   -0.2  (2600)   2.25

 "Divide by 12 to obtain the units k Btu/(hr)(sqft)("F/ft).   e Oxidizing atmosphere.
 bAs FeO.   E = Excellent. G = Good. F = Fair. P = Poor.
 Includes lime and magnesia.   '[Some  data from Trostel, Chem. Met. Eng. (Nov. 1938)l.
 Excellent  if left above 1200°F.   Marks, Mechanical Engineers Handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York,  1978, pp. 6.172-6.173.
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