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246 COMMUNICA TION THEORY
Cheung, C., 220–1 computer-mediated communication
cinema, 13, 21, 22, 32, 40, 45, 68, 70–2, 86, (CMC), ix–xi, 17n, 47, 54–5, 57, 59,
97, 98, 106, 114, 120n, 201, 224n 67, 87, 90, 103, 117, 118, 119, 123, 137,
citizenship, 10, 22, 63, 74, 80, 165n 150, 151, 161, 166n, 178, 196, 200, 202,
city, 16, 67, 69, 78, 88, 92, 121n, 156, 205, 211
197–201, 223n, 224n as anti-hierarchical, 61
coffee houses, 60–1, 73–4, 77, 82n, 196 contexts of, 63–4
communication and information as cyberspace, 60–1, 119
technologies (CITs), 2–3, 11–12, 14, electronic democracy, 9–10, 73, 76, 80–1
41, 63 extends face-to-face communication, 203
producing ‘new’ social relationships, form of ‘socially produced space’, 60
19n, 143 and identity, 62–3
‘communication as culture’, xii and the public sphere, 78–9
communication environments, x, 12, Constitutive Abstraction, 158–62
13, 81, 87 content (of communication), 25, 55, 57, 60,
community, xii–xiii, 5, 6, 10, 16, 20, 23, 46, 82n, 86–7, 101, 103–6, 107–8, 111,
52, 63, 74, 108, 118, 121n, 123, 133, 148, 113–16, 118, 126, 133, 134, 135, 145,
157, 161, 165, 166n, 167–222, 222n, 163, 166n, 175–6, 211, 215
223n, 224n content analysis, 6, 59, 119
as a legitimating narrative, 167 focus of media studies, ix, 4–5
of belief, 176 and ideology, 26, 29–30, 34, 141
citizenship, 10, 22, 63, 74, and the medium, 36, 39–40, 43n, 49,
80, 165n 94, 106, 112, 116, 123
classical theories of, 167–71 and the user, 143–4, 220
community as practice, 122, 174–7 versus form, ix–xi, xiii, 5–6, 8, 20, 27,
community as recognition, 122 43n, 51, 56, 118, 143
electronic, 74 convergence perspective, xi–xii, 13, 64–6
global communities, 172–3, 174–7 corporate, 65;
and ‘imagined communities’, 80, 112, functional, 64
175, 222–23n industry, 64
imagined universal community, medium, 64–5
129, 189–93 of space, 67
and ‘impact assessment’ technological, xi, 3–4, 41, 50, 64
research, 167 telecommunications, xi, 64
‘international’ community, 173 Cooley, C.H., 154–6, 160, 170
media-constituted, x Corner, John, 18n, 101
micro-communities, 170, 175 Couldry, Nick, 113, 120n, 165–6n, 225n
‘miniaturization’ of, 169 media as mythological ‘centre’ of social
network, 176, 188–9, 194, 196 life, 210–11
nostalgia of, 16, 202 symbolic inequality of media
Olympic community, 173 friends, 152–3
on-line communities, 87, 101, 150, talk shows and the ‘really real’, 218
176, 204 talk shows as ritual, 218
over-integration and over-regulation, Crowley, David, 41, 42
169–70 cultural capital, 34
pseudo-communities, 204 cultural studies, concerns of, 4, 5, 42n, 43n
renewal of, xii, 120n, 192 concern for passive audience, 22
telecommunity, xii, 17n, 111, influence on media studies, 4, 117
122, 167–222 culture industry, xii, 9, 31, 39, 50, 52, 68,
virtual communities, x, xii–xiii, 9, 48, 85, 88–9, 97, 119, 141, 148–9, 161, 195,
54, 62, 63, 68, 78, 80, 99, 100, 103, 207, 213–14
117, 119, 122, 123, 149, 164, 170, 173, mass media as, 23–5
188, 192, 194–7, 198, 201–6, 222, and the personal web page, 220
224n, 225n cybercafé, 78, 223n
‘complexity theory’, 19n, 57 cybergeist, 192