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250 COMMUNICA TION THEORY
Internet, cont. Lévy, Pierre, 7, 9
and the virtual flâneur, 197, 199–201, linguistic perspective on media, x,
210, 223–4n 4–6, 18n, 23, 51, 56, 60, 101–2,
the WELL, 47, 61–2, 132, 225n 126, 159
World Wide Web, see World Wide semiolinguistics, 124, 128–9, 165n
Web (WWW) Lipset, Seymour, 22–3
intranet, 47, 196 ‘liveness’, 96, 106, 107, 120n, 143, 153, 209,
ISDN, 80 215, 216–17
IVF, 158 Livingstone, S., 7, 224n
local context, 111, 128, 138–9, 141,
Jakobson, Roman, 56 145–6, 162
James, Paul, 148, 159–60 logos, 11, 124, 126, 130
Jameson, Frederic, 32 Los Angeles, 120n
JennyCam, 120 Luhmann, Niklas, v., 144
Johnson, Steven, 223n Lukács, Georg, 27
Jones, Steven, 7, 14, 18n, 60, 62, 68, 194, ‘reification’, 26, 27, 31, 32, 36, 55, 89
200, 204 Lyotard, Jean-François, 6, 70
Jordan, Tim, 38, 47, 50, 61–2, 82n grand narratives, 11, 128, 173
avatar, 62
CMC as anti-hierarchical, 61 magazines, 24, 25, 36, 56, 73, 96, 105, 112
cyberpower, 193 malls, xii, 37, 67, 68, 195
Jowett, Garth, 85–6 and flânerie, 170, 199
privatization of public space, 3, 91
Kaplan, N., 74 Marc, David, 4, 102, 109–11, 114, 120n,
Kapor, Mitch, 48, 84 121n, 165n
Katz, Elihu, 107, 112, 117,119, 133, 208, 216 Martin-Barbero, J., 99, 209, 210
Katz, Jon, ‘Apparatgeist’ and perpetual Marvin, S., 43n, 67
contact, 185–6, 192 Marx, Karl, 26–27, 37, 43n, 191
‘digital nation’, 73 commodity fetishism, 26, 37
Kelly, Kevin, 73, 190 mass media, 5, 7, 9–10, 13, 20, 21–3, 32,
Kling, Rob, 150 34–8, 40, 42n, 51, 58, 76, 80, 88–90, 96,
Kluge, Alexander, 75 99–100, 104–5, 112, 137, 141–2, 144–5,
Knorr Cetina, Karin, 17n, 157, 164, 166n, 176, 195, 196, 200–1,
117, 181–3 209, 212
on Heidegger, 181 as agent of integration, see Integration,
objectualization, 182 broadcast
post-social, 182 as apparatus of ideology, 25–9, 29–31
Knowles, Harry, 104–5 as a culture industry, see culture
Kroker, Arthur, 19n, 92–3, 115, industry, mass media as ‘path
117, 143 dependence’
on McLuhan and the ‘new universal mass society, 21–25, 42n, 82n, 136
community’, 189 ‘age of the masses’, 22
Kroker, Marilouise, 92–3, 143 ‘massification’ of society, 21
mass/elite framework, 21–2, 38
Lacan, Jacques, 6, 165n Mattelart, Armand, 54
Lakoff, George, 56, 203–4 McCarthy, Anna, 37, 208
Langer, J., 148, 224n McLaughlin, L., 217
Lanier, Jaron, 191 McLuhan, Marshall, xi, 5, 8, 38–42, 43n, 51,
Lasn, K., 120n 69–72, 82n, 94, 99, 103, 107, 113,
Lasswell, H., 58–9, 119 114–17, 118, 121n, 129, 142, 143–4, 154,
Lave, J., 176 177, 189, 199, 210, 219
Lea, M., 82n, 166n automation, 40, 69
Lealand, Geoff, 19n cybernation, 40, 69–71
Lennon, John, 214, 224n, 225n global village, 39, 74–5, 80, 128–9, 164,
Levinson, Paul, 99, 115 189, 197