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Figure 4.18 The electric field diffusion in the thorax given by the Landau Ginzburg action poten-
tial propagation model for three different moments in time: 1250 ms (A), 1500 ms (B), 1750 ms (C),
and 2000 ms (D).
4.5 Blood pressure pulse wave reflections
The cardiovascular system operation is strongly related to the electrical activity of the
myocardium. The mechanical work (myocardium contraction and relaxation) required
for the blood flow is sparked by the electrical signal of the heart (Kannel et al., 1971;
Strandberg and Kaisu, 2003). The overall electromechanical activity of the heart is cru-
cial for its function, and the hemodynamic parameters are a reflection of the leading
electric activity heart that generated them.
The blood pressure wave
Among the numerous hemodynamic parameters used to assess the patient’s health sta-
tus, the most comprehensive and easy to acquire are the systolic (SP) and diastolic
