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226   Electric Drives and Electromechanical Systems


             equivalent reduction in the drive costs. As the two windings share the same pole, there
             is close magnetic coupling between the coils; this must be taken into account when
             designing a drive system.


             8.5 Summary
             This chapter has briefly reviewed the theory and control of a range of stepper motors,
             and it has been shown that stepper motors are able to provide a low-cost solution to
             motion-control problems, provided that the limitations of the motors are fully appre-
             ciated during the design process.


             References

             Acarnley, P.P., 2002. Stepping Motors : A Guide to Theory and Practice. Institution of Engineering and
                Technology, London, UK.
             Hughes, A., Drury, B., 2013. Stepping and switched reluctance motors. In: Electric Motors and Drives
                Fundamentals, Types and Applications, fourth ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 315e348.
             Kenjo, T., 1990. Power Electronics for the Microprocessor Age. Oxford University Press, New York.
             Le, K.M., Van Hoang, H., Jeon, J.W., 2017. An advanced closed-loop control to improve the performance
                of hybrid stepper motors. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. IEEE 32 (9), 7244e7255. https://
                doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2016.2623341.
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