Page 225 - Electrical Safety of Low Voltage Systems
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208    Chapter Twelve
























                                  FIGURE 12.8 High-voltage ground faults in IT systems with independent
                                  grounds.

                                  insulation rating of the equipment within the substation, which is the
                                  most stressed by the ground faults.


                             12.3 External Overvoltages
                                  External overvoltages are caused by lightning. Lightning is defined
                                                     2
                                  by IEEE Standard 100 as an electrical discharge that occurs in the
                                  atmosphere between clouds or between clouds and ground. In the
























                                  FIGURE 12.9 High- and low-voltage ground faults in IT systems with
                                  independent grounds.
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