Page 15 - Fair, Geyer, and Okun's Water and wastewater engineering : water supply and wastewater removal

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Contents ix
3.14.3 Effective Well Radius 95
3.14.4 Measurement of Well Characteristics 96
3.15 Yield of a Well 97
3.15.1 Maximum Available Drawdown 97
3.15.2 Specific Capacity–Drawdown Curve 97
3.15.3 Maximum Yield 98
3.16 Well Design 99
3.17 Well Construction 101
3.17.1 Dug Wells 102
3.17.2 Driven and Jetted Wells 102
3.17.3 Bored Wells 103
3.17.4 Drilled Wells 103
3.17.5 Collector Wells 103
3.17.6 Pumps 103
3.17.7 Development 104
3.17.8 Testing 104
3.17.9 Sanitary Protection of Wells 105
3.17.10 Maintenance 106
3.18 Evaluation of Aquifer Behavior 106
3.18.1 Hydrologic Equation 106
3.18.2 Safe Yield of an Aquifer 106
3.19 Groundwater Quality Management 107
3.19.1 Biological Contamination 107
3.19.2 Subsurface Disposal of Liquid Wastes 108
3.20 Groundwater under the Direct Influence of Surface Water 108
3.20.1 GWUDI Determination: Source Screening Phase 109
3.20.2 GWUDI Determination: Detailed Evaluation Phase 111
3.20.3 Hydrogeologic Assessment 112
3.20.4 Water Quality Assessment 114
3.20.5 Microscopic Particulate Analyses 115

4. Quantities of Water and Wastewater Flows 118
4.1 Design Period 119
4.2 Design Population 120
4.2.1 Population Data 120
4.2.2 Population Growth 120
4.2.3 Short-Term Population Estimates 123
4.2.4 Long-Range Population Forecasts 125
4.2.5 Simplified Method for Population Forecasts 126
4.2.6 Population Distribution and Area Density 126
4.3 Water Consumption 127
4.3.1 Domestic Consumption 128
4.3.2 General Urban Water Demands 129
4.3.3 Industrial Water Consumption 131
4.3.4 Rural Water Consumption 133