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56 Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes: Physical, Chemical, and Biological

Rational model: A model based upon premises and logic, Box, G. E. P., Hunter, W. G., and Hunter, J. S., Statistics for
usually mathematical in character. Experimenters, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1978.
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Scenario: (1) A particular ‘‘set’’ (or configuration) of inde-
Wiley Classics Library, New York, 1992.
pendent variables that are intended to explore the
Durant, W., The Story of Philosophy, Simon & Shuster, New York,
effect of the set on the dependent variables of inter- 1926.
est. (2) Advice given to students: A scenario should Ehrlich, E., Flexner, S. B., Carruth, G., and Hawkins, J. M. (Com-
be a device to explore a range of possible design pilers), Oxford American Dictionary, Oxford University Press,
outcomes based upon a set of assumptions. Your New York, 1980.
scenario should be a realistic engineering explor- Elias, H. G., An Introduction to Polymer Science, VCH, Weinheim,
Germany, 1997.
ation, but you are limited only by imagination. The
Hess, T. F., Chwirka, J. D., and Noble, A. M., Use of response
spreadsheet offers a means to do this. With the
surface modeling in pilot testing for design, Environmental
spreadsheet, you hold all variables constant except Technology, 17:1205–1214, 1996.
the one that you wish to explore. Kline, S. J., Similitude and Approximation Theory, McGraw-Hill,
System: A set of components that interact. New York, 1965.
Variable: A quantity that is a part of a system. Rich, L., Unit Operations in Sanitary Engineering, McGraw-Hill,
Water treatment: A set of processes intended to improve New York, 1961.
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the quality of water to prescribed criteria or
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