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252 Improving Machinery Reliability

35 98

i2
96 -
25 0
.- 95 p
E
3

10
1986 1988 1990 1992
Figure 4-6. U.S. maintenance results, encompassing nine refineries that had the great-
est improvement in mechanical reliability, 1986-1 992.

20% offsites
and marines

Figure 4-7. Refinery maintenance expense.

for the differences is simply that the lowest-quartile cost group has less demand for
repair maintenance and thus does less work in this area.
Table 4-3 is taken from a recent worldwide maintenance management study by the
same analysts. The lowest quartile’s craftsmen have four times more pieces of rotat-
ing equipment per person to maintain than the highest-cost quartile. Those in the
highest-cost quartile are kept busy repairing failures. They have no opportunity to
examine the causes of these failures. They thus can’t formulate actions to make per-
manent repairs or to devise preventive and predictive remedies.

Organization

There are two types of organizational approaches: repair focused and reliability
focused.