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CHAPTER 10

Application of Anaerobic

Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) for

Low-Strength Wastewater

Treatment and Energy Generation

Janardhan Bornare, V. Kalyanraman, R.R. Sonde
R.D. Aga Research, Technology and Innovation Centre, Thermax Ltd., Pune, India

10.1 INTRODUCTION

Development of innovative wastewater treatment technologies for India is
gaining momentum to meet the changing regulatory requirements, better
treatment efficiency, and enhanced sustainability, and for reducing capital
as well as operating costs and energy recovery from wastewater. With the
increasing population and economic uplift in the country, the water demand
for irrigation, domestic use, and power generation is exerting enormous
pressure on our water resources because utilization of water has been
increasing at a faster pace. The existing demand and supply gap of water
has prompted an exclusive path toward recycling and reuse of water. Dis-
posal of domestic sewage from cities and towns is the biggest source of pol-
lution of water bodies in India. Treatment of domestic sewage and
subsequent utilization of treated sewage for various applications can prevent
pollution of water bodies and reduce the demand for fresh water. The exist-
ing sewage treatment facilities are inadequate and operate on obsolete tech-
nologies. In India, the activated sludge process (ASP), upflow anaerobic
sludge blanket (UASB), and waste stabilization ponds (WSP) are the most
commonly employed technologies for sewage treatment. In the current
challenging scenario, more emphasis is given to the generation of recyclable
quality treated wastewater. Technologies are evolving around the concept of
maximum organic reduction and nutrient removal to achieve recyclable
quality of treated effluent. Waste to energy generation is one of the thrust
areas, and the success of any technology lies in treatment and energy gener-
ation from wastewater. Domestic wastewater could be a good source of

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