Page 483 - Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse

3D TRASAR™ Technologies for Reliable Wastewater Recycling, and Reuse 453

Figure 11.9 3D TRASAR Technology for Membranes systems.

A. Provide immediate feedback on problems.
The main reasons for shortened membrane life are scaling or fouling,
deferred cleaning, and halogen attack (or chlorine damage). 3D TRA-
SAR Technology for Membranes can detect all of these problems
and notify the appropriate people before most damage can occur
(Figure 11.10).
B. Predict when cleaning is needed.
Membrane elements must be cleaned whenever there is a 15% loss in
normalized permeate flow, a 15% increase in normalized differential
pressure, or a 15% increase in salt passage. Failure to follow these rules
results in reduced membrane life. It is also important to note that oper-
ation of a membrane system at a higher pressure will consume more
energy. Cleaning at the right time will increase the membrane life
and reduce the operating costs. Figure 11.11 shows the normalized