Page 486 - Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse

456 Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling, and Reuse

systems are not maintained properly since the operators are often not
skilled or knowledgeable. Due to these concerns, RO systems are con-
servatively designed so as to avoid having to replace the membranes
more often as opposed to the preservation of water (by running at higher
recovery). Lower recovery means more feed water is needed and more
water is wasted in the form of reject. On the other hand, a higher recov-
ery means that the concentration factor (in other words, scaling poten-
tial) would be higher (Figure 11.13). Therefore, while running at higher
recoveries, it is of utmost importance to follow the recommendations
for membrane cleaning whenever the system normalized parameters
indicate it. Failure to follow this could result in irreversible damage
to membranes. 3D TRASAR Technology for Membranes allows
one to operate an RO system more efficiently and closer to the mem-
brane limits.
E. Improve chemical control.
The technology uses patented TRASAR™ antiscalant chemistries,
which can be monitored accurately using patented fluorescence technol-
ogy. Figure 11.14 shows an example of how the antiscalant dose rate
could be safely decreased from 4 to 1 ppm.

Figure 11.13 Effect of higher recovery on concentration factor in RO systems.