Page 135 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

L1644_C03.fm Page 109 Tuesday, October 21, 2003 3:11 PM

Regarding GWP, the following EL must be considered:
Production Van <3.5 t Transport
EL Units PET (1 kg) Glass (1 kg) (1 tkm) 16-t Truck (tkm)
kg 3.45 9.68 × 10 –1 1.54 3.46 × 10 –1
CO 2
kg 1.17 × 10 –2 2.32 × 10 –3 2.61 × 10 –3 5.34 × 10 –4
CH 4
tkm equivalent to a mass of 1 t (1000 kg) transported 1 km.
For the calculation of the greenhouse effect, consider the following impact
factors:
Compound Factor
1
CO 2
62
CH 4
Solution:
Weight of bottling material associated with 1 L of water consumption:
PET: 20/0.33/1000 = 0.0606 kg
Glass: 237/0.25/20/1000 = 0.0474 kg
Transport TP-PET (tkm) assigned to 1 L of water consumption in PET
bottles
1/transport in 16-t truck
Only one trip from bottling plant to the wholesaler
6
(TP-PET) = ((1000 + 60.61)/10 ).50 = 0.053 tkm
16t
2/transport in Van <3.5 t
One trip from wholesaler to the retail trader
6
(TP-PET) = ((1000 + 60.61)/10 ).20 = 0.0212 tkm
van
Transport TP-glass (tkm) assigned to 1 L of water consumption in glass
bottles
1/transport in 16-t truck
1a/one trip of empty bottles from glass manufacturer to bottling plant
6
(TP-glass) 16t,a = (47.4/10 ).100 = 0.00474 tkm
1b/one trip of full bottles from bottling plant to the wholesaler
6
(TP-glass) 16t,b = ((1000+(237/0.25))/10 ).50 = 0.0974 tkm
1c/one return trip of empty bottles from wholesaler to the bottling plant
6
(TP-glass) 16t,c = ((237/0.25)/10 ).50 = 0.0474 tkm
Total (TP-glass) = 0.00474 + 0.0974 + 0.0474 = 0.150 tkm
16t
2/transport in Van < 3.5 t
2a/one trip from wholesaler to the retail trader
6
(TP-glass) Van,a = ((1000+(237/0.25))/10 )*20 = 0.0390 tkm
2b/one return trip of empty bottles from retail trader to the wholesaler
6
(TP-glass) Van,b = ((237/0.25)/10 )*20 = 0.0190 tkm
Total (TP-glass) = 0.0390 + 0.0190 = 0.058 tkm
van
The respective amounts (kg) of CO and CH assigned to the consumption
2
4
of 1 L of mineral water bottled in PET or glass are calculated by multiplying

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