Page 218 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

L1644_C05.fm Page 191 Monday, October 20, 2003 12:02 PM

TABLE 5.8
Site-Specific Data: Concentrations in Emissions of the Incineration Plant a

Former Current
Parameter Unit Distribution situation b situation c Reference
Mean value Mean value
Type (s g ) (s g )
–2
–3
As mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 2.00 ¥ 10 5.60 ¥ 10 (STQ 1998)
(3.4) (3.4)
–3
–2
Cd mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 2.00 ¥ 10 6.60 ¥ 10 (STQ 1998)
(1.7) (1.7)
CO mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 4.00 ¥ 10 1 4.00 ¥ 10 1 (STQ 1998)
(1.5) (1.5)
PCDD/Fs pg/Nm 3 Log-normal 2.00 ¥ 10 1 2.00 (STQ 1998;
(2.0) (2.0) Rabl and
Spadaro
1999)
HCl mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 5.16 ¥ 10 2 3.28 ¥ 10 1 (STQ 1998)
(1.6) (1.6)
–1
–2
Heavy metals mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 4.50 x 10 9.10 ¥ 10 (STQ 1998)
(2.5) (2.5)
–3
–2
Ni mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 3.00 ¥ 10 8.40 ¥ 10 (STQ 1998)
(2.2) (2.2)
mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 1.91 ¥ 10 2 1.91 ¥ 10 2 (STQ 1998)
NO x
(1.5) (1.5)
Particulate mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 2.74 ¥ 10 1 4.80 (STQ 1998)
matter (2.1) (2.1)
mg/Nm 3 Log-normal 8.09 ¥ 10 1 3.02 ¥ 10 1 (STQ 1998)
SO 2
(1.5) (1.5)
a CO 2 emissions are determined stochiometrically.
b Without new filters.
c With new filters.
s g = geometric standard deviation

The probability distributions for other pieces of technical data had to be derived
from the literature (Weidema and Wesnaes, 1996; Meier, 1997). Thus, a normal
distribution with a CV of 10% was assumed for site-specific inflows and outflows,
while for transportation a normal distribution with a CV of 20% was chosen due to
the large uncertainty in the exact description of the waste transport. An enormous
amount of the data used in the LCI is not directly related to the incineration process,
but to the cycles of associated inputs, outputs and transport processes, as can be
seen in Table 5.9. The data of the system under study were not obtained in a site-
specific manner but from the ETH database (Frischknecht et al., 1996). These data
have been collected from a Swiss perspective on a European scale. It is evident that
the transfer of data to the Spanish situations definitely caused an uncertainty that,
according to Meier (1997), differs depending on the considered pollutant. For infor-

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