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312                                       Intelligent Digital Oil and Gas Fields


          relates to specific job skills that are acquired through on-the-job learning,
          mentoring, and formalized training.
             Virtually for all companies skill development is a high priority for their
          staff. Skill development, including training courses, has traditionally had a
          discipline focus. DOF requires additional multi- and cross-discipline train-
          ing for multidiscipline skills and collaboration behaviors. In addition, some
          new DOF roles often require staff to experience a “role transition”—which
          are changes in a traditional role (e.g., production engineer) in a DOF envi-
          ronment. This section describes a training template, a competency model,
          and an example of a role transition.
             The delivery of training ranges from in-house courses to external pro-
          viders such as professional societies (SPE, AAPG, SPWLA) and commercial
          companies, such as IHRDC and PetroSkills.
             We recommend that each company, through the annual review process,
          take a comprehensive approach to planning skill development that includes
          both traditional discipline-specific skills and additional requirements for
          DOF. Fig. 8.13 shows an example of competency list that one management
          planned to have for one North American asset’s operation center personnel.
































          Fig. 8.13 Example of transition of competency requirements for an operations super-
          visor for DOF/CWE deployment.
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