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Further reading 1 97

Key characteristics of the interaction design process are explicit incorporation of user in-
volvement, iteration, and specific usability criteria.
Before you can begin to establish requirements, you must understand who the users are
and what their goals are in using the device.
Looking at others' designs provides useful inspiration and encourages designers to con-
sider alternative design solutions, which is key to effective design.
Usability criteria, technical feasibility, and users' feedback on prototypes can all be used
to choose among alternatives.
Prototyping is a useful technique for facilitating user feedback on designs at all stages.
Lifecycle models show how development activities relate to one another.
The interaction design process is complementary to lifecycle models from other fields.

Further reading

RUDISILL, M., LEWIS, C., POLSON, P. B., AND MCKAY, T. D. practical book about product user interface design. It ex-
(1995) (eds.) Human-Computer Interface Design: Success plains how to perform usability tasks throughout develop-
Stories, Emerging Methods, Real-World Context. San Fran- ment and provides useful examples along the way to
cisco: Morgan Kaufmann. This collection of papers describes illustrate the techniques. It links in with two software devel-
the application of different approaches to interface design. opment based methods: rapid prototyping and object-ori-
Included here is an account of the Xerox Star development, ented software engineering.
some advice on how to choose among methods, and some SOMMERVILLE, IAN (2001) SofnYare Engineering (6th edi-
practical examples of real-world developments. tion). Harlow, UK: Addison-Wesley. If you are interested in
BERGMAN, ERIC (2000) (ed.) Information Appliances and Be- pursuing the software engineering aspects of the lifecycle
yond. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann. This book is an models section, then this book provides a useful overview of
edited collection of papers which report on the experience of the main models and their purpose.
designing and building a variety of 'information appliances', NIELSEN, JAKOB (1993) Usability Engineering. San Fran-
i.e., purpose-built computer-based products which perform a cisco: Morgan Kaufmann. This is a seminal book on usability
specific task. For example, the Palm Pilot, mobile telephones, engineering. If you want to find out more about the philoso-
a vehicle navigation system, and interactive toys for children. phy, intent, history, or pragmatics of usability engineering,
MAYHEW, DEBORAH J. (1999) The Usability Engineering then this is a good place to start.
Lifecycle. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann. This is a very