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128                                                        Chapter 2


          Problem 2.7
             A hollow  trapezoid  microcantilever is  designed  to operate in an
          application  where the torsion-produced tip  slope  is  not  available, and
          therefore the effects  of torsion  have to  be  minimum. If the  cross-section is
          square               and  the  maximum  area where the trapeze  can  be
          inscribed is  a rectangle  defined by    and          what is the best
          design for this application ? Known are E =  130 GPa and

          Answer:
             The lengths defining the trapeze are:






          and the trapeze  semi-angle  can  range between  the values of 0  to  arctan
          [w/(21)]. The torsional  compliance is minimum for a semi-angle  and
          therefore for a rectangular configuration.

          Problem 2.8
             Determine the  direct  linear stiffness  about the  z-direction at point 3  for
          the hollow  microcantilever sketched in  Fig. 2.42.  Consider  that only the  two
          thin  circular portions are  compliant and have a  square  cross-section of side
                 The  angle  is 90° and the radius r is   Young’s modulus is E
          = 130  GPa  and  Poisson’s ratio is    (Hint:  Formulate the  compliance
          matrix  for half of the symmetric microcantilever.)


















                      Figure 2.42 Geometry of a hollow circular microcantilever

          Answer:


         Problem 2.9
             A constant  rectangular  cross-section microhinge  with
             has to be replaced by a circularly-filleted one having the  same length and
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