Page 400 - Multidimensional Chromatography

392 Multidimensional Chromatography

Figure 14.13 Typical chromatogram obtained by using the Reformulyser system. Peak
identification is as follows: 1, P3; 2, P4; 3, N5; 4, P5; 5, N6; 6, P6; 7, N7; 8, P7; 9, N8; 10, P8;
11, P9; 12, P10; 13, MTBE; 14, OP4; 15, ON5; 16, OP5; 17, ON6; 18, OP6; 19, ON7; 20,
OP7; 21, OP8; 22, P8; 23, A8; 24, A6; 25, A7; 30, A9/10; 31, A10/11; 32, A8 (where P is
alkane, N is cycloalkane, MTBE is methyl tert-butyl ether, OP is alkene, ON is cycloalkene
and A is aromatic).

14.4 MIDDLE DISTILLATES

Middle distillates are defined as those fractions having a boiling range between
150 °C and 370 °C. Various products fall within this range, e.g. kerosine, jet fuel,
diesel fuel, light gasoil and heavy gasoil. Diesel fuels in particular are subjected to
several environmental regulations. Because the aromatics present in diesel fuel pro-
mote the emission of particulates, and legislative measures restrict this emission,
refiners thus require a rapid and sensitive method for monitoring these aromatics. In
light of the year-2000 and (projected) year-2005 legislations, the European fuel
market is very interested in so-called city-diesel. The latter is a petroleum-based,
lower-emission diesel fuel developed in Sweden. This fuel is available in many