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Measurements in Photonics

          234   Characterizing Photonic Devices in the Laboratory

        Replicas made from classically ruled masters measured under near Littrow conditions
        with 8° between incident and diffracted beams—relative to reflectance of aluminum.
           Polarized  to grooves (S-Plane)            Polarized  to grooves (P-Plane)
         100
         90              Reflectance of Aluminum
         80
                                                           BLAZE ANGLE
                                                              5.2°
         70
                                                         BLAZE WAVELENGTH
                                                             300 nm
         Efficiency, %  60                                 GROOVES/mm
                                                              600
         50
         40

        DIFFRACTION GRATING
        EFFICIENCY FOR RELATIVE
        COMPARISON ONLY

         10
          0
           0.1 0.2  0.3  0.4  0.5  0.6  0.7  0.8  0.9  1.0  1.2  1.4  1.6  1.8  2.0  2.2  2.4 2.6
                                       Wavelength,  m
                                          (a)
          100

          90              Reflectance of Aluminum
          80
                                                           BLAZE ANGLE
                                                              8.6°
          70
                                                         BLAZE WAVELENGTH
         Efficiency, %  60                                 GROOVES/mm
                                                             500 nm
                                                              600
          50
          40
          30
          20

          10
           0
            0.1 0.2  0.3  0.4  0.5  0.6  0.7  0.8  0.9  1.0  1.2  1.4  1.6  1.8  2.0  2.2  2.4  2.6
                                        Wavelength,  m
                                         (b)
          Figure 10.6. Grating efficiency curves for three different grating structures. (a) Blaze
          wavelength 300 nm, 600 grooves/mm. (b) Blaze wavelength 500 nm, 600 grooves/mm.



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