Page 166 - Process Equipment and Plant Design Principles and Practices by Subhabrata Ray Gargi Das

164 Chapter 6 Evaporators

(A) (B) (C)

Drip
Drip
Drip
FIGURE 6.3
Mechanical methods of reducing entrainment (A) upturned pipe, (B) deflector, (C) tangential separator.

6.3 Evaporator types
The design criteria for evaporators are the same regardless of the industry involved. However, many
types of evaporators with several variations take care of different product characteristics and range of
operating parameters for different industries and processes. Depending on the requirements of the
process, the right options for each service is chosen and configured to a functional system.
The classification tree for evaporators is presented in Fig. 6.4.

Nature of
liquid Movement Type of
Heating Mode of circulation of the heat
method operation over evaporating transfer
heating film surface
surface

Natural Climbing Tubular
Direct Batch
Circulation film
(Short tube) Plate
Continuous • Horizontal Falling film
Indirect
• Nature of • Vertical
liquid • Basket Climbing -
circulation Falling film
• Movement of Forced
Evaporating circulation - Wiped film
film
• Type of heat • Boiling in
transfer tube
surface
• Submerged
type

Film type
(Long
Tube)

FIGURE 6.4
Evaporator classification basis and types.