Page 178 - Reliability and Maintainability of In service Pipelines

F d F N ðtÞ F c ffiffiffiffi 3 0 5 f c

A s bd 0:083C 1 bhðtÞ 2 q

Formulization hðtÞ 2 a a 1 N u 2 ffiffiffiffi q 0 1:1 1 63 3 f c hðtÞ 2 2 2 jðtÞD0:74 1 2:54 eðtÞ d 1 jðtÞd 1 2 eðtÞ hðtÞ M s 2 1 d 2 N s

Dependent 2 d 2 V b ðtÞ 5 0:083b[ v dF vp N u 3:5bhðtÞ B 1 5250[ f dA s 2 d M s 1 N s 4 ðÞjðtÞ it iðtÞ 5 eðtÞ 5 d b 2 ðÞ 2 d 2

Time M u ðtÞ 5 A s f y F N ðtÞ 5 1 1 FðtÞ 5 ΔðÞ 5 ht t

15 98 15 98 15 98 (2007) 60

Sewer Source ASCE (2000) ASCE (2000) ASCE (2000) ASCE

Concrete Formulization F d F N A s F c ffiffiffiffi # 0 f c jd e

the bd 1 1 2
of 1:1 1 63 3 0:083C 1 bh 2 q
Modes Stationary h 2 a 2 ffiffiffiffi q 0 f c N u 5 1 1 3:5bh h 2 jD0:74 1 2:54e=di 5 h 2 1 d 2

Resistance a 1 N u 2 d 2 5 0:083b[ v dF vp F N B 1 5250[ f dA s 2 d M s 1 N s 2 ij M s e 5 N s d b 2 2

Different Equation 5 A s f y M u V b 5 F " Δ 5 h 2 d

of Failure Crack Concrete
Formulization Flexu-ral Failure Shear Exces-sive width of Loss Cover

5.9 Mechanism Serviceability
TABLE Failure Strength