Page 190 - Reservoir Formation Damage

172 Reservoir Formation Damage

i i
8000 I '.
' »
\ \,
* ^ \
'» \ D,
(sec)
4000- \ < \ s \
V '
\NX, \
• \- . s
1 >^ - ^
1000- »^\ ^v^
^ ^i 5a" -^r.-;
0- • H-+- — 1
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

') i o 24 2+
25000- i Me / Ta
i-.i • — 0.0
20000- !'• T — •— 0.1
i r
*- — - 05
(sec) 15000 f A '
\ •*— 1.0
V
10000- \ \ -O — 2.0
\\ \ ^
v • - -0- - 5.0
\ V( \ \
> CV_ ~ l—_—'
K-«,^«
0 ^«
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Q c
(lAP/Ksp)
Figure 9-4. Calcium carbonate induction time vs. the supersaturation for
solutions containing magnesium to calcium ion concentrations ratios of a) 0 to
2, and b) 0 to 5 (after Reddy, ©1995; reprinted by permission of the author and
Plenum Press).

initiation of the crystallization by seeding, s is the concentration of the
seed added to provide the surface area for growth in mg/liter, and k is
the crystal growth-rate constant. If N 0 denotes the initial theoretical
crystal concentration that would be produced by precipitation from a
stable supersaturated solution at the time of seeding, the integration of
Eq. 9-20 yields (Reddy, 1986):

1
AT - kst (9-21)