Page 354 - Theory and Problems of BEGINNING CHEMISTRY

INDEX 343

Molarity, 162–172 Nomenclature (Cont.)
Mole, 102, 103–106 classical, 90
conversions, 103f, 104f, 106f, 119f, 142–144, inorganic, 86–101
143f, 144f, 152f, 348 of acids, 93–94
Mole fraction, 220–221 of anions, 90–92
Mole ratio, in formulas, 105–106, 106f, 348 of binary nonmetal compounds, 87–88
in reactions, 120, 348 of cations, 88–90
Mole-to-mole calculations, 142–143 of ionic compounds, 88–93
Molecular collisions, 195 of polyatomic cations, 89
Molecular formula, 102, 108 oxidation numbers in, 205
Molecular mass, 102 prefixes, 87, 88t
from gas law calculations, 183 Nona-, 88t
Molecular weight, 102 Nonbonding electrons, 81p
from gas law calculations, 183 Nonmetal, 5–6
Molecule(s), 38, 102–103 activity of, 124–125, 125t
diatomic, 68, 72 nomenclature of binary compounds of, 87–88
Monatomic, 89 Nonzeros as significant digits, 18
anion(s), nomenclature of, 86t, 90–91 Normal, 222
cation(s), nomenclature of, 86t, 89 Normal boiling point, 23
Mono-, 88t Normality, 222–223
Moon, 1 Nuclear bomb, 284
m s (spin quantum number), 53–57 Nuclear energy, 2, 280, 284, 285–286
Multiple proportions, law of, 39 Nuclear equation, balancing of, 281, 284
Multiplication, significant digits in, 21 Nuclear event, 280
Multiplicity, Hund’s rule of maximum, 59 Nuclear fission, 284–285
Nuclear fusion, 284–285
n (electron shell), 43–44 Nuclear projectiles, 284t
n (number of moles), 181 Nuclear reaction, 1, 280–291
n (principal quantum number), 53–57 Nucleus (nuclei), 40, 280
N (normality), 222–223 daughter, 283
N A (mole fraction of A), 220 parent, 283
n + l rule, 54–55, 76–77 Number, defined, significant digits in, 21
exceptions to, 59
Naming (See nomenclature) Oceans, 1
Natural logarithm, 302 Octa-, 88t
Natural radioactivity, 280–281 Octet, 69
Nature of bonding, predicting, 75–76 Octet rule, 65p, 68–69
Nature of reactants, effect on rates of reaction, exceptions to, 73, 74
230–231 scope of, 74
Negative charge, 40 Odometer, 17
Net ionic equations, 134–141 OH group, 267
balancing of, 136 -oic acid, 271
calculations with, 147 -ol, 269
for redox reactions, 207 -one, 271
Neutral, 40 Orbit (Bohr), 51
Neutralization, 127 Orbital(s), 55–57
Neutron, 40, 284 shapes of, 58
free, 289p Organic acids, 269t, 271–272
Nitroglycerine, 272 Organic chemistry, 261–279
Noble gases, 43, 60, 68–69 Organic compound(s), 3, 4, 261–279
electronic configurations of, 60, 68 bonding in, 261–262
oxidation numbers of, 204 Origin, 176
Nomenclature, 86–101 Origin of inner transition metals, 51
classes of 86–87 Origin of transition metals, 51