Page 629 - Sensors and Control Systems in Manufacturing

582
Inde x

Radiometric calibration Response time, inductive and
linear multiple point, 512–513 capacitive sensor
multiple point, 512 high-speed operation, 94
nonlinear multiple point, 513–515 maximum target length, 94–95
overview, 509 OFF delay logic, 96–97
theory, 510–512 ON delay logic, 96
Radiometric errors, 515 one-shot delay, 97
Radiometric gain, 511 ON/OFF delay logic, 97
Radiometric offset, 511 overview, 93
Random access memory (RAM) array, release time, 93–94
390 target duty cycle, 95–96
Range sensing, 72–73, 98, 106–109, 412 timing functions, 96
Reach-through structure, APDs, 361, Responsibility centers, 538
367 Responsivity, APD, 364–365
Read-only memory (ROM), 439 Restriction faults, software, 202
Real-world phenomena, 257 Retroreflective sensing mode, 144,
Receivers, 157–158 152–153
Red, green, and blue (RGB), 10–11, 14, Return on assets (ROA), 527
22–23, 283 Return on investment (ROI), 527
Reference values, 50, 462, 485 Reverse-polarity protection, 88
Reference-level sensing, 293 RF (radio-frequency) devices, 277
Reflected energy, 100 RFI (radio-frequency interference),
Reflected light, 357 74–75, 79
Reflection center, 223 RGB (red, green, and blue), 10–11, 14,
Reflection-type sensor, 328 22–23, 283
Reflective mode bifurcate fiber optics, RIA (Robotics Industry Association),
167 432
Reflective strip imaging camera Riboswitches, 9
sensors, 315–317 Ring coupler, 163–164
Reflex detection methods, 58–59 RNA protein mapping, 8–9
Reflex photoelectric controls, 137–138 ROA (return on assets), 527
Reflex photoelectric sensors, 52 Robotic grippers, 310–312
Refractive index, 353 Robotics Industry Association (RIA),
Relative algorithm, 288 432
Relative radiometric errors, 517–519 Robots
Relative sensor gain, 346 control through sensors, 411–412
Relays, 81–82 density measurements, 434–436
Release, plant, 239 diagnostic systems, 198–199
Release control, engineering, 237 displacement sensors for, 348–350
Reliability, sensor, 256 history of, 417–419
Remote sensing, fiber pairs, 168–169 interfaces, 423–424
Repeatability, 422 invention of, 419–426
Reporting. See Communication, material handling, 250
workplace multisensor-controlled assembly,
Research 412–417
computer-integrated manufacturing, programming, 423–424, 426–428
231 projections for, 436–437
engineering management, 237–238 vision system
engineering release control, 237 control through, 383–388
facilities engineering, 237 guidance with, 389–391
overview, 235–236 locating position, 388–389
process development, 237 world market for, 428–434
product development, 236 Rockwell International Corporation,
Research-Acquire routine, 493–494 446
Residual current, 80–81 ROI (return on investment), 527
Resistance temperature detectors ROM (read-only memory), 439
(RTDs), 257 Roomba domestic vacuum cleaner, 430
Resonance and vibration analysis, 197 RS-232 interface, 213–215, 262
Resources, 239 RS-422 interface, 262