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                                                                                              Deflection and Stiffness  203

                                               A
                                                                     C
                                                     R
                                   Problem 4–76           P


                                                         B


                                      4–77     Repeat Prob. 4–76 to find the vertical deflection at A.
                                      4–78     For the curved steel beam shown, F = 6.7 kips. Determine the relative deflection of the applied
                                               forces.




                                                                                3 in
                                                                                       1.375 in
                                                   F
                                               2 in                    0.75 in         1.5 in
                                   Problem 4–78    F        A         A
                                                                                       1.375 in
                                                                             Section A–A

                                                      4 in


                                      4–79     A steel piston ring has a mean diameter of 70 mm, a radial height h = 4.5 mm, and a thickness
                                               b = 3 mm. The ring is assembled using an expansion tool that separates the split ends a distance
                                               δ by applying a force F as shown. Use Castigliano’s theorem and determine the force F needed
                                               to expand the split ends a distance δ = 1 mm.



                                               h = 4.5 mm

                                                                    F
                                   Problem 4–79           +

                                                                    F





                                      4–80     For the steel wire form shown, use Castigliano’s method to determine the horizontal reaction
                                               forces at A and B and the deflection at C.

                                                            C     2-mm dia.


                                                             30 N
                                   Problem 4–80
                                                      40 mm
                                               A                        B
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