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Table 2–4 (continued) Family Classes Short Name
Ceramics Alumina Al 2 O 3
Technical ceramics (fine Aluminum nitride AlN
ceramics capable of Boron carbide B 4 C
load-bearing application) Silicon carbide SiC
Silicon nitride Si 3 N 4
Tungsten carbide WC
Nontechnical ceramics Brick Brick
(porous ceramics of Concrete Concrete
construction) Stone Stone

Glasses Soda-lime glass Soda-lime glass
Borosilicate glass Borosilicate glass
Silica glass Silica glass
Glass ceramic Glass ceramic

Polymers Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS
(the thermoplastics and Cellulose polymers CA
thermosets of engineering) Ionomers Ionomers
Epoxies Epoxy
Phenolics Phenolics
Polyamides (nylons) PA
Polycarbonate PC
Polyesters Polyester
Polyetheretherkeytone PEEK
Polyethylene PE
Polyethylene terephalate PET or PETE
Polymethylmethacrylate PMMA
Polyoxymethylene(Acetal) POM
Polypropylene PP
Polystyrene PS
Polytetrafluorethylene PTFE
Polyvinylchloride PVC
Elastomers Butyl rubber Butyl rubber
(engineering rubbers, natural EVA EVA
and synthetic) Isoprene Isoprene
Natural rubber Natural rubber
Polychloroprene (Neoprene) Neoprene
Polyurethane PU
Silicon elastomers Silicones

Hybrids Carbon-fiber reinforced polymers CFRP
Composites Glass-fiber reinforced polymers GFRP
SiC reinforced aluminum Al-SiC
Foams Flexible polymer foams Flexible foams
Rigid polymer foams Rigid foams
Natural materials Cork Cork
Bamboo Bamboo
Wood Wood

From M. F. Ashby, Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 3rd ed., Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann,
Oxford, 2005. Table 4–1, pp. 49–50.
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