Page 284 - Soil and water contamination, 2nd edition

Model calibration and validation 271

State variables
-3
NH = ammonium concentration [M.L ]
4
-3
NO = nitrate concentration [M.L ]
3
-3
O = dissolved oxygen concentration [M.L ]
2
-3
PO = phosphate concentration [M.L ]
4
-3
SS = suspended solids concentration [M.L ]
Input variables
-3
NH s = ammonium concentration for interstitial water [M.L ]
4
-3
PO s = phosphate concentration for interstitial water [M.L ]
4
-1
-2
SOD = maximum sediment oxygen demand at 20 °C [M.L .T ]
T = temperature (in °C) [θ]
Parameters
-3
EAC = equilibrium ammonium concentration [M.L ]
-3
EPC = equilibrium phosphate concentration [M.L ]
-1
-3
F = oxygen production rate due to photosynthesis [M.L .T ]
p
-1
-3
F = oxygen removal rate due to respiration [M.L .T ]
res p
-1
k = reaeration rate constant at 20 °C [T ]
a
-1
k = denitrification rate constant at 20 °C [T ]
d
-1
k = ammonium fixation rate constant [T ]
f
-1
k = maximum nitrification rate constant at 20 °C [T ]
n
-1
k = phosphate fixation rate constant [T ]
p
-1
k = maximum suspended solids decomposition rate constant at 20 °C [T ]
s
-1
K = minimum oxygen mass transfer constant [L.T ]
rmin
-2
-1
M = erosion rate parameter [M.L .T ]
-3
M = Monod half saturation concentration nitrification [M.L ]
n
-1
M = Monod half saturation concentration decomposition SS [M.L ]
SS
N = nitrogen content suspended solids [-]
ss
p = moisture content stream bed sediment [-]
P = phosphorus content suspended solids [-]
ss
s = stoichiometric coefficient oxidation SS [-]
O2/SS
-1
U = critical flow velocity for resuspension [L.T ]
crit 1
-1
U = critical flow velocity for settling [L.T ]
crit 2
-1
V = settling velocity suspended solids [L.T ]
s
γ = empirical constant [M.L ]
-3
1
-1
-3
γ = empirical constant [M.L .Θ ]
2
-3
-2
γ = empirical constant [M.L .Θ ]
3
θ = temperature coefficient denitrification [-]
d
θ = temperature coefficient nitrification [-]
n
θ = temperature coefficient reaeration [-]
r
θ = temperature coefficient decomposition SS [-]
s
θ = temperature coefficient SOD [-]
sod
-3
ρ = density of water [M.L ]
w
18/14 = stoichiometric coefficient NH4:N [-]
62/18 = stoichiometric coefficient NO :NH [-]
3 4
64/18 = stoichiometric coefficient oxidation NH (2O :NH ) [-]
4 2 4
95/31 = stoichiometric coefficient PO :P [-]
4
Figure 15.2b Nomenclature for Figure 15.2a (Van der Perk, 1998)
10/1/2013 6:45:21 PM
Soil and Water.indd 283
Soil and Water.indd 283 10/1/2013 6:45:21 PM