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284 • Appendix


        series of rating by direct reports on employee satisfaction. One item assessed
        the overall effectiveness of each manager (e.g., “Overall, I feel my immedi-
        ate supervisor/manager is doing a good job.”) This item was not one of the
        360 items used to calculate the leadership effectiveness index. Leaders with
        strengths were compared with the leadership effectiveness index (the average
        of all 360 items), an independent rating of managerial effectiveness (the item,
        “Overall I feel that my manager is doing a good job”) and an employee satis-
        faction index (12 items assessing satisfaction with the company, job, direction
        of the organization, etc.) Results of this study are presented below in Figure A-3.
           Note that Figure A-3 shows in the first column the overall leadership effec-
        tiveness data. It should not be surprising that these results are very similar to
        the results found in our original research because this part of the study was
        done in the same way. The second column (Rating of Managerial Effective-
        ness) presents results from the independent rating of overall leadership effec-
        tiveness. This displays the results from the one item assessing the overall
        effectiveness of a manager as seen by his or her direct reports. Though not as
        comprehensive as the leadership effectiveness index, it provides an overall
        evaluation of the manager by direct reports. Note that the results track very




                           Leadership Effectiveness
                           Rating of Managerial Effectiveness
                           Employee Satisfaction
               90                                             87
                                                     83
                                                                81
               80                            77           74      75
                                     72 70     71      71
               70           6060  58    62       68
             Percentile Scores  50  34 37  39
               60

               40
               30
               20
               10
                0
                     0        1       2        3       4        5

        Figure A-3 Impact of Strengths on Three Measures
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