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9







                                                                                       Modeling of

                                                                      Mechanical Systems


                                                                             for Mechatronics

                                                                                      Applications





                                                              9.1  Introduction
                                                              9.2  Mechanical System Modeling
                                                                   in Mechatronic Systems
                                                                   Physical Variables and Power Bonds  •  Interconnection
                                                                   of Components  •  Causality
                                                              9.3  Descriptions of Basic Mechanical Model
                                                                   Components
                                                                   Defining Mechanical Input and Output Model
                                                                   Elements  •  Dissipative Effects in Mechanical
                                                                   Systems  •  Potential Energy Storage Elements  •  Kinetic Energy
                                                                   Storage  •  Coupling Mechanisms  •  Impedance Relationships
                                                              9.4  Physical Laws for Model Formulation.
                                                                   Kinematic and Dynamic Laws  •  Identifying and Representing
                                                                   Motion in a Bond Graph  •  Assigning and Using
                                                                   Causality  •  Developing a Mathematical Model  •  Note
                                                                   on Some Difficulties in Deriving Equations
                                                              9.5  Energy Methods for Mechanical System
                                                                   Model Formulation
                                                                   Multiport Models  •  Restrictions on Constitutive
                                                                   Relations  •  Deriving Constitutive Relations
                                                                   •  Checking the Constitutive Relations
                                                              9.6  Rigid Body Multidimensional Dynamics
                                                                   Kinematics of a Rigid Body  •  Dynamic Properties of a Rigid
                                                                   Body  •  Rigid Body Dynamics
                                                              9.7  Lagrange’s Equations
                                                                   Classical Approach  •  Dealing with Nonconservative
                                                                   Effects  •  Extensions for Nonholonomic Systems
                                 Raul G. Longoria                  •  Mechanical Subsystem Models Using Lagrange Methods
                                 The University of Texas at Austin  •  Methodology for Building Subsystem Model
                                 9.1 Introduction

                                 Mechatronics applications are distinguished by controlled motion of mechanical systems coupled to
                                 actuators and sensors. Modeling plays a role in understanding how the properties and performance of
                                 mechanical components and systems affect the overall mechatronic system design. This chapter reviews
                                 methods for modeling systems of interconnected mechanical components, initially restricting the




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