Page 104 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

CAT3525_C04.qxd 1/27/2005 11:12 AM Page 75
Characterization of Solid Waste 75

TABLE 4.11
Common Household Hazardous Wastes
Batteries (Ni–Cd, Pb, Hg)
Drain openers
Oven cleaners
Metal cleaners and polishers
Used motor oil
Automotive fuel additives
Grease and rust solvents
Carburetor and fuel injection cleaners
Air-conditioning refrigerants
Starter fluids
Paints
Paint thinners
Paint strippers and removers
Adhesives
Herbicides
Insecticides
Fungicides and wood preservatives
Asbestos-containing materials

TABLE 4.12
Hazardous Elements and Compounds Occurring in Common
Household Products
Ingredient Types of Products Found in
Acrylic acid Adhesives
Aniline Cosmetics (perfume), wood stain
Arsenic (III) oxide Paint (nonlatex anti-algae)
Benzene Household cleaner (spot remover, oven cleaner) stain, varnish,
adhesives cosmetics (nail polish remover)
Cadmium Ni–Cd batteries, paints, photographic chemicals
Chlordane Pets (flea powders)
Chlorinated phenols Latex paint
Chlorobenzene Household cleaners (degreaser)
Hexachloroethane Insect repellents
Lead Stain/varnish, auto batteries, paint
Mercury Batteries, paint (nonlatex anti-algae), fluorescent lamps
Methylene chloride Household cleaners, paint strippers, adhesives
Nitrobenzene Polish (shoe)
Silver Batteries, photographic chemicals
Warfarin Rodent control
Xylene Transmission fluid, engine treatment (degreaser), paint (latex,
nonlatex, lacquer thinners), adhesives, microfilm, fabric,
cosmetics (nail polish)

Source: U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment, 1989.

many common HHWs and Table 4.12 presents selected hazardous compounds occurring in com-
mon household products.
The U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment (USCOTA, 1989) determined that the
amount of HHW generated ranges between 0.2 and 0.4% of the residential waste stream. The average