Page 364 - Advances in Biomechanics and Tissue Regeneration

CHA PTE R

18

Cartilage Regeneration and Tissue Engineering

Marı ´a Sancho-Tello*, Lara Milia ´n*, Manuel Mata Roig*, Jos e Javier
Martı ´n de Llano*, Carmen Carda* ,†

*Department of Pathology, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
†
Biomedical Research Networking Center—Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN),
Valencia, Spain

Nomenclature
3D three-dimensional
ACI autologous chondrocyte implantation
ADSC adipose stromal/stem cell
BM bone marrow
BMP bone morphogenetic protein
CB cord blood
CHT chitosan
CHI3L1 chitinase 3-like-1
CSPC cartilage stem/progenitor cell
DPSC dental pulp stem cell
ECM extracellular matrix
FGF fibroblast growth factor
GAG glycosaminoglycan
HA hyaluronic acid
IGF insulin-like growth factor
MACI matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation
MMP matrix metalloproteinase
MSC mesenchymal stem cell
PB peripheral blood
PCL poly(L-ε-caprolactone)
PCM pericellular matrix
PGA poly(glycolic acid)
PLCL poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)
PLGA poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
PLLA poly(L-lactic) acid
PRP platelet-rich plasma
rER rough endoplasmic reticulum
SF synovial fluid
SM synovial membrane
TGF transforming growth factor
VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
WJ Wharton’s jelly

18.1 CARTILAGE TISSUE [1, 2]

Cartilage is a special type of connective tissue, containing a single type of specialized cells (chondrocytes) embedded
in an extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) exhibiting specific characteristics that soften impacts and loads. Usually,
cartilage is surrounded by a perichondrium (a fibrous connective tissue layer with undifferentiated cells involved

Advances in Biomechanics and Tissue Regeneration 361 © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816390-0.00018-2