Page 359 - Advances in Biomechanics and Tissue Regeneration

356 17. SKIN MECHANOBIOLOGY AND BIOMECHANICS: FROM HOMEOSTASIS TO WOUND HEALING

TABLE 17.4 Mechanotransduced Response of Dermal Fibroblasts After Tension Loading—cont’d
Force Substrate Cell Mechanotransduced response Reference
Uniaxial N/A hDFbs "NGF and TGF-β2 [144]
Cyclic
Strain: 10%
Frequency: 0.5Hz
Period:1h
Uniaxial N/A hDFbs "Migration [140]
Cyclic Cell orientation
Strain: 120% #Apoptosis
Frequency: 0.17Hz "Collagen degradation
Period: 24h Regulated by Wnt and integrin
Uniaxial Tubular cell sheets hNDFbs Cell and collagen alignment [139]
Static/cyclic " Stiffness
Strain: 5%
Frequency: 0.5Hz
Period: 3–4w
Cyclic/static Type I collagen hDFbs "Type I procollagen [19]
Uniaxial "TIMP-1
Strain: 10% #MMP-1
Frequency: 1Hz Differentiation
Period: 96h
Cyclic Type I collagen hDFbs #Apoptosis [18]
Frequency: 1Hz "Cell survival
"Adhesion
"ERK "JNKs "AKT
"Synthesis ECM
"Denser focal adhesion
"VEGF "SDF-1α

Uniaxial N/A hDFbs (from two different "Proliferation [24]
Cyclic skin sites) "Integrin β1, p130Cas, and TGF-β1
Strain: 10%
Frequency: 0.1Hz
Period: 48h
Uniaxial Rat tail hDFbs " MMP-2, TIMP-2, and collagen type III [23]
Static Type I collagen hNFFbs in HDFs (hDFbs but not hNFFbs)
Strain: 10%
Period: 24h
Static/cyclic N/A hDFbs #Proliferation (cyclic) [20]
Strain: 20Hz #Collagen I (cyclic)
Frequency: 1Hz "Fibronectin (cyclic)
Period: 6 d "Collagen I (static)
#Fibronectin (static)
Uniaxial N/A hDFbs (hypertrophic and " Cell proliferation [137]
Cyclic normal skin) Cell Orientation
Strain: 10%–20% "TGF-β1
Frequency: 0.1Hz "Collagen
Period:24h Regulated by integrin β1 and P130Cas
Uniaxial Fibrin gels hDFbs "Collagen deposition [21]
Cyclic Activation of ERK1/2 and p38
Strain: 15%
Frequency: 0.5Hz
Period: 15min–2weeks
CTFG, connective tissue growth factor; ECM, extracellular matrix; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases; ET-1, endothelin 1; FAK, focal adhesion kinase;
hDFbs, human dermal fibroblasts; hNDFbs, human neonatal dermal fibroblasts; hNFFbs, human neonatal foreskin fibroblasts; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase;
MMP, metalloproteinase; N/A, not available; NGF, nerve growth factor; PLAT, plasminogen activator; SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor 1; TGF, transforming growth
factor; TIMP, metalloproteinase inhibitor; uPA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; α-SMA, α smooth muscle actin.

II. MECHANOBIOLOGY AND TISSUE REGENERATION