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Sensors based on CNT yarns 237

There are several possible applications that could utilize the electro-
magnetic properties of CNT fibers. Considering their high electrical con-
ductivity and high aspect ratio, CNT fibers can provide long conductive
pathways even at ultralow loadings. This extends their applications to elec-
tromagnetic and radio frequency interference shielding composites, electro-
static dissipation, antistatic materials in nonconducting media like polymers
and much more [85].

9.8 Summary and prospects for future research

Carbon nanotube yarns are fiber-like continuous assemblies of carbon
nanotubes that have a unique piezoresistive response that can be tapped for
sensing applications. In this chapter, the concepts and latest developments
of various carbon nanotubes yarn sensors that can measure strain, torque,
temperature, and detect damage, human motion and chemicals were pre-
sented and discussed including their uses and integration in polymeric and
composite materials. Due to their unique carbon composition, dimensions,
and piezo-impedance characteristics, these sensors will continue to be de-
veloped and offer practical and economical solutions including the prospect
of real-time integrated monitoring of structures, devices, and components
in many engineering fields. However, the development of more robust car-
bon nanotube yarns including the growth of carbon nanotubes with similar
chirality and structure, the tailoring of the yarns’ properties by controlling
parameters such as twist and porosity, and limiting their nonlinear time-
dependent phenomena remain a challenge.

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