Page 391 - Chemical Process Equipment - Selection and Design

354 DISINTEGRATION, AGGLOMERATION, AND SIZE SEPARATION OF PARTICULATE SOLIDS

TABLE 12.12. List of Agglomerated Products and Their Binders
Material Binder Agglomeration Equipment
Activated Charcoal Lignosulfonate Turbulator*
Alumina Water Turbulator*/Disc
Animal Feed Molasses Ring Extruder
Boric Acid Water Disc Pelletizer
Carbon Black & Iron Powder AlcohoCCarbowax Tbrbulator*
Carbon, Synthetic Graphite Sodium Silicate Turbulator*/Disc
Cement. Raw Mix Water Disc Pelletizer
Cement Kiln Dust Water Turbulator*/Disc
Charcoal Starch Gel Briquetter
Chrome Carbide Alcohol Disc Pelletizer
Clay. Attapulgite Water Tbrbulator*/Disc
Clay, Bentonite Water Turbulator.
Coal, Anthracite Pitch Briquetter
Coal, Bituminous Lignosulfonate Disc Pelletizer
Coal Dust Water Tbrbulator.
Coke, Petroleum Pitch Briquet ler
Continuous Casting Flux Water Turbulator*/Disc
Copper Smelter Dusl Sodium Silicate Turbulator'
Copper Sulrhite Concentrate Sodium Silicate Disc Pelletizer
Detergent Dust Water Disc Pelletizer
Dotomite Kiln Dust Water Tbrbulator*/Disc
Dye Pigment Lignosulfonate Turbulator*/Disc
Electric Furnace Dust Water Turbulator*/Disc
Fertilizer Ammonia Drum
Flourspar Sodium Silicate Disc Pelletizer
Flourspar Lime-Molasses Briquetter
Flyash (boiler) Water lbrbulator*/Disc
Flyash (high carbon) Lignosulfonate Briquetter
Glass Batch Caustic Soda Disc Pelletizer
Glass Batch Water Briquetter
Herbicide Lignosulfonate-Water Turbulator*/Disc
Herbicide Clay-Carbo wax Briquetter
Iron Ore Bentonite-water Drum
Lignite Gilsonite-Water lbrbuIator*/Disc
Limestone Clay-Water Tbrbulator*
Manganese Ore Lime-Molasses Briquetter
Manganese Oxide Sulfuric Acid Tbrbulator*/Disc
Phosphate Rock Phosphoric Acid Turbulator'/Disc
Plastic Powder Alcohol Disc Pelletizer
Potash Fines Water Disc Pelletizer
Sodium Borate Sulfuric Acid Tbrbulator*/Disc
Sulfur Powder Clay Compactor
Tbngsten Carbide Alcohol Disc Pelletizer
Zeolite Clay-Water Tbrbulator*/Disc

(Koerner and MacDougal, 1983).

Sticky, very fine, and highly aerated materials can be ROLL COMPACTING AND BRlQUETTlNG
granulated in drums with high speed impellers with pegs or pins
instead of paddles. In Figure 12.13, the material enters at one end, Agglomeration of finely divided materials is accomplished at high
is immediately wetted, and emerges as pellets at the other end. rates and low costs by compression between rolls. The form of
Residence times are under a minute. The data with this figure show product may be continuous sheets that subsequently are broken up
that the bulk density of carbon black is increased by a factor of 11, to desired size or it may be lumps or briquets of finished form and
although with about 50% binder in the product. size. A few shapes are shown in Figure 12.14, but a great variety of
As mentioned, other powder blending devices can be adapted simple geometrical shapes can be made with readily available rolls.
to granulation, but unless most of the equipment is on hand, it is Briquets are a low cost product, rough in shape, and not of highly
best to adopt a proven design with which some manufacturer has uniform weight. When smooth appearance and weight uniformity
experience. If the stakes are high enough, the cost of a development are demanded, tabletting is the process to be used. The great
program with other equipment may be justifiable. variety of materials that have been compacted with rolls is indicated