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250                                                8.  Stability  and  Transition




                                      Jr  [        Ji                     (8.2.14b)
                                  ^ 0     da r)        \0a r
         where
                         4       dUX   (dfiY        (BUY/dlS"            (a2 i4c)
                          °  -  m)     m       -  igj     m                 -

         To evaluate  the  derivatives  of  f r  and  fi  with  respect  to  a r  and  CJ,  we need  only
         to  differentiate  Eq.  (4.4.29)  and,  since  the  vector  r*is independent  of  a r  and  a;,
         we  get:










         We shall  refer  to the  above equations  as  the  variational  equations  of  Eq.  (^.J^.29)
         with  respect  to  a r  and  u,  respectively.  Thus,  to  obtain  the  required  derivatives,
         we  need  to  solve  only  two  linear  systems  with  the  same  coefficient  matrix  A
         already  computed  and  factored  for  Eq.  (4.4.29). The  vectors  on  the  right-hand
         side  of Eqs.  (8.2.15a)  are determined  from  Eqs.  (8.2.3),  (8.2.5b)  and  (8.2.7).  For
                                                 J
         Eq.  (8.2.15a)  (ri)j  =  (r 2)j  =  0  for  0  <  j  < ,  but  (r 3)j  and  (r 4 )j  for  1 <  j  <  J
         are  given  by
                                  (r        2                         {S2 m
                                   *-'    =   (£:)   *•*-*                  -

                                   2
                                                                          '
                          ("»'-= (S)^»          + 2   (£)*'-»            (8216b)



                                   {r )j                                <82iM)
                                     ' =-(£)/-'                           -


         For  Eq.  (8.2.15b),  again  {r\)j  =  {r2)j  =  0  for  0  <  j  <  J,  but  with  c\,  C2  and
                                       ;
         C3 being  independent  of  to  for  j  <  J  —  1,  the  coefficients  {rz)j  and  {r±)j  for
         1  <  j  <  J  are  given  by
                                        (r 3 )j-i  =  0                   (8.2.17a)

                                  (r4) 1    2       8                      8 2 17b
                                     ^    =   (tl) M                      ( - - )

                                   ^' — (fO/'                               (8217c)
                                                                             --


                                   ( r 4 ) j  =                          ( 8 2 1 7 d )
                                           - ( ^ ) / - '                   - -
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