Page 33 - Handbook of Surface Improvement and Modification

28 Scratch and Mar Resistance

2.2.12 WAXES

GENERAL INFORMATION
Name: wax
Product composition: amide wax, beeswax, carnauba wax, hydrocarbon wax, montan ester wax,
paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, polymer/fatty acid amide/wax blend, polymer/wax blend, wax
modified by siloxane, wax-modified lanolin
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
State: solid/pellets, powder, Odor: slight Color: white, off-white, yellow
micropowder, liquid, disper- to brown
sion
3
o
o
Melting point, C: 2-150 Softening, C: 69-135 Density, kg/m : 820-1300
Particle size, μm: 50-90 Erichsen scratch visibility test: 3.8/1.0%,2.4/2.0%,1.4/3.0%
Vapor pressure, kPa: 0.0013-0.023 pH: 4.5-9
Viscosity, mPas: 25-800 Volatility, %: 0
HEALTH & SAFETY
o
o
Autoignition, C: >300 Flash point, C: 45 to 285 Rat oral LD50, mg/kg: >2000
to 8532
Rabbit dermal LD50, mg/kg: >5000 to 20,000 Carcinogenic: no
3
OSHA, PEL, mg/m : 2-15 UN/NA class: 1219, 3272
USE & PERFORMANCE
Outstanding properties: Improved scratch and mar properties, improved dispersion of other resin
additives (reinforcements, fillers, and pigments), shortened cycle times, reduced temperatures and
pressures of molding machines and reduced or eliminated weld/knit. Improved resin flow without
changing the melt-flow rate. Reduced or eliminated weld/knit lines. Soft-feel and matting effect.
Covers any minor scratches and restores the color of the surfaces. Improves surface slip and
scratch resistance and reduces spot sensitivity in powder and solvent-borne. Improves metal mark-
ing resistance and black heel resistance, also increases the hydrophobic properties of coating sur-
faces. Improves blocking stability and scrub resistance of water-based coatings. Offers good water
repellant properties.
Recommended for polymers: PC-clear, PC blends, PP, TPO, polyolefins, acrylics, PVC, alkyds,
polyesters, 2K epoxies, nitrocellulose 2KPU
Recommended for products: automotive interior and exterior, printing inks
Concentrations used, wt%: 0.05-15
Food approval FDA: 75.105/adhesives, 175.125/pressure-sensitive adhesives, 175.300/resinous
and polymeric coatings, 176.170/components of paper, paperboard in contact with aqueous and
fatty foods, 176.180/components of paper and paperboard in contact with dry food