Page 405 - Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse

An Introduction to Biological Treatment and Membrane Filtration 377

• It tolerates shock load caused by organic and hydraulic load variability.
The system is easily configured and adjusted for short-term diurnal and
long-term seasonal variations.
• It eliminates the need for a secondary clarifier.
• It eliminates separate load equalization. The SBR basin is in itself an
equalization basin and a clarifier with a much lower solids flux compared
to conventional clarifier design.
• It provides the inherent ability to remove nutrients without chemical
addition by controlling the oxygen demand and supply.
• It provides for energy optimization through nutrient removal mecha-
nisms. The feed water carbonaceous BOD used in denitrification
and enhanced biological phosphorus removal reduces overall oxygen
demand and energy requirements.
• It offers capital and operating cost advantages.

9.4.3 Moving Bed Bio Reactor (Mittal, 2011)
Moving bed bio reactor (MBBR) technology is another advanced aerobic
treatment technology used widely for treating different industrial wastewa-
ter. MBBR technology is based on the attached growth aerobic system and is
more efficient and requires less area than ASP and SBR. The moving media
is introduced into the aeration tank, which provides higher surface area for
microbes to grow. This helps to increase the microbial biomass in the reactor
and eventually reduces the reactor’s footprint area. MBBR is also one of the
robust aerobic technologies. Compared to conventional ASP, it has better
sustainability against hydraulic as well as organic load fluctuations. Unlike
conventional ASP, the MBBR process design is not based on bioreactor
hydraulic retention time (HRT), but it mainly depends on:
▪ Active surface area of MBBR media.
▪ Specific COD loading per unit active surface area of MBBR media.
▪ Oxygen transfer requirements.
There are various MBBR media suppliers available in the market.

9.5 MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR TECHNOLOGY

Numerous modifications of ASP have evolved over the years aimed at more
effective and efficient removal of organics, nutrients, and suspended solids.
As the membrane design improved, water treatment applications, mainly,
and enhanced solid separation, in particular, improved, thus making water