Page 349 - Integrated Wireless Propagation Models

I n - B u i l d i n g ( P i c o c e l l ) P r e d i c t i o n M o d e l s 327

80
.
!
70 . . · · - ··- . · · · · · · ···· ···· · - ··········· .. .. ... .
.
, .
·
.
: l ::�: ::r : : r · r
_
60
in
"0
--; 50 · · · · · · ··!· · · · · · ·· .. · ··· · · ··:·· ··· ·· · .. . . . ... ...... . .. . .. .. . .... ..... . . :i, ·· · · ·· · ··· · ··· · ·
(/)
_Q . _
0 . .... .... ..... ;-·--............ ! ................. !' ............. ..
.
.
.
.
0 40 ................ r · · · · .... ··· t ........ .... . r . . : �
u::: :
.
.
.
.. , ................ 1" ..... ..... ............ ... i ........... 1 ................ ;···-.......... .
.
...
30 ............ . ·
I
20 ··· · · ·· · · · · ····!· · ···· · · · ·· ····· ·�· · ············· ·� · ····· ······ · ···� ······ · · · · · · · · · ··!··· · · ··· ···· ··· ··!··· ··· · · ·· · · · · · ·
l l I � 1
1 0
1 2 3 4 5 6
N u mber of floors
FIGURE 5.5.2.1 Loss versus number of floors.
Typical parameters, based on various measurement results, are given in Tables 5.5.2.1
and 5.5.2.2. Additional general guidelines are given at the end of the section.
The path-loss exponent is 20 dB/ dec for the free space loss and is usually applied
to open area. However, the path-loss exponent can be lower than 20 dB/ dec based on
the measurement results because the corridors might actually cause a tunnel effect.
It is around 18 dB/ dec. The path-loss exponent for wall penetration and around
corners is between 30 and 40 dB/ dec, depending on the building material
and structure.

Environment
Frequency Residential Office Commercial
M
900 H z 3.3 2.0
1.2-1.3 GHz 3.2 2 . 2
1.8-2 .0 GHz 2.8 3.0 2 . 2
4.0 GHz 2.8 2 . 2
60 GHz* 2 . 2 1 . 7

*60 GHz values assume propagation within a single room r space, and o d not include any allowance
o
for transmission through walls. Gaseous absorption around 60 GHz is also significant for distances
greater than about 100 m which may influence frequency re-use distances. (See Recommendation
ITU -R P.676.)
Source: Table 5.5.2.1 from/7 courtesy of ITU.
TABLE 5.5.2.1 Distance Power Loss Coefficients, N, for I n door Transmission Loss Calculation