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114                                                         Chapter 2
         Solution:
             Young’s modulus and the shear modulus are connected as:




         when Poisson’s ratio is equal to  0.25.  In the case of very thin cross-sections,
         the relationship  between  the torsional  moment of  inertia and  the  regular
         (bending) moment of inertia is:





         By using  Eqs. (2.167)  and (2.168),  together with the relationships  known in
         this example, the following compliances are obtained:













          5.     MICROBRIDGES

          5.1    Introduction


             Microbridges are essentially microcantilevers (or  microhinges) that  are
          fixed at  both  ends.  They are  mainly  used in  MEMS applications such  as
          filters and switches. Actuation is usually applied over a region located about
          the member’s center  line,  such that out-of-the-plane  bending motion  is
          achieved. The  main  stiffness of  a  fixed-fixed constant  rectangular  cross-
          section member is the one relating to z-translation (bending about the y-axis)
          and is formulated at the midpoint of the bridge, as sketched in Fig. 2.34.
















                          Figure 2.34  Microbridge  as  a  fixed-fixed beam
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